Theory Corner - Diversity, Culture, and Conflict.

Introduction to Cultural Centered Approach

  • Dr. Mohan Dade: Director of the Center for Culture Centred Approach to Research and Evaluation (CARE) which focuses on culturally centered community-based projects for social change and health advocacy.

  • Research Focus:

    • Advocacy and activism in challenging marginalizing structures.

    • Linking poverty and health with global health policies.

    • Mobilization of cultural tropes for neocolonial health projects.

    • Participatory strategies for global social change.

Historical Context

  • West Bengal, India: Site of early colonization by the British.

  • Resource Theft: British colonial powers are estimated to have stolen approximately $45 trillion in resources from India.

  • Decolonization: Approach conflict resolution through a decolonizing lens, in solidarity with Indigenous struggles, like those of the Maori.

Concepts of Diversity and Culture

  • Culture as Frameworks:

    • Culture involves shared values, meanings, and norms within a community.

    • Cultures are derived from common experiences, guiding how people interpret the world and communicate.

  • Diversity:

    • Acknowledges differences in cultural values, meanings, and norms across the globe.

    • Similarities also exist, allowing for shared aspirations and connections despite these differences.

Definition of Conflict

  • Nature of Conflict:

    • Conflict arises from disagreements over resources (land, water, food, etc.) and processes (decision-making).

    • Influenced by power dynamics and varying cultural values.

  • Sources of Conflict:

    • Disagreement in resource distribution.

    • False or mismatched expectations among parties involved.

    • Misunderstandings based on divergent cultural meanings and norms.

    • Disinformation, particularly through contemporary digital platforms, can exacerbate conflicts.

Defining Factors of Conflict

  • Global Challenges: Contextual issues like climate change impact resource availability and lead to conflict.

  • Colonization's Legacy: Historical injustices continue to influence contemporary conflicts, especially regarding land and resource theft.

  • Migration Patterns: Modern movements of people contribute to cultural conflicts.

  • Inequalities: Economic disparities lead to fundamental tensions and disputes around resources and power.

Approaches to Conflict Resolution

Culture Centered Approach

  • Key Theoretical Framework: Focuses on voice and cultural understanding in conflict resolution.

  • Principles:

    • Encourages community participation in decision-making processes.

    • Promotes dialogue to foster understanding among conflicting parties.

    • Highlights the importance of diverse voices to generate creative solutions.

Mataranga Maori Approach

  • Cultural Framework for Conflict Resolution: Focuses on restoring mana (spiritual energy) and acknowledges historical hurts caused by colonization.

  • Principles of Mataranga Maori:

    • Acknowledging mamai (hurt) due to historical injustices.

    • Returning taunga (treasures) that hold cultural significance.

    • Respecting tikanga (customs) and ensuring practices are culturally safe for Maori communities.

    • Building trust through the acknowledgment of historical contexts and a commitment to healing.

Conclusion

  • Communication is dynamic and shaped by cultural contexts, leading to continuously evolving meanings.

  • Conflict encompasses tangible resources and power dynamics regarding how those resources are shared.

  • The culture centered approach empowers individuals in conflict to find culturally appropriate solutions, while Mataranga Maori emphasizes respect, acknowledgment of pain, and restoration to create healing spaces.