chapter-4

HOW TO WRITE CHAPTER 4

  • Focus on Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion

OBJECTIVES

  • Create a draft of Chapter 4

  • Encode the draft for Chapter 3

  • Prepare a PowerPoint presentation for Chapter 4

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

  • Importance of Data Presentation

    • Presenting data is essential for clarity in findings

    • Data must be organized, analyzed, and interpreted to provide meaningful insights

METHODS OF PRESENTATION

  • Textual Presentation

    • Example:

      • There are 42,036 barangays in the Philippines.

        • Largest by population: Barangay 176 in Caloocan City with 247,000 persons.

        • Other notable barangays:

          • Commonwealth, Quezon City: 198,285

          • Batasan Hills, Quezon City: 161,409

        • Others exceed 100,000 in population.

  • Tabular Presentation

    • Simple Table

      • Table 1: List of Student-Volunteers

        • Names:

          • Adolfo, Joanna

          • Biadnes, Richie

          • Rosas, Nimrold

          • Yanson, Marianita

        • Total (N): 4

        • Source: ANHS SSG, 2019

    • Rectangular Snip

      • Address & Age

      • Example Data:

        • Toledo City, Age 15

        • Pinamungajan, Cebu, Age 15

        • Others from Toledo City, Age 16

    • Frequency Distribution Table

      • Table 2: Profile of Students According to Gender

        • Gender:

          • Male: 150 (45%)

          • Female: 180 (55%)

        • Total: 330 (100%)

        • Source: BNHS Students' Registry (2018)

  • Graphical Illustrations (Charts and Graphs)

    • Bar Graph

      • Year-wise Enrollment of students in Government School

    • Multiple Bar Graph

      • Population distribution across continents (Asia, Europe, Africa, Latin America, USSR, Oceania)

    • Histogram

      • Quality Defects per hour display

    • Line Graph

      • Performance of Push-ups over the week

    • Frequency Polygon

      • Height distribution among students

    • Pie Chart

      • Usage of water by category (Shower, Toilet, Faucet, etc.)

      • Source: American Water Works Association Research Foundation, 1999

    • Scatterplot

      • Relationship between %Fat and BMI

    • Box and Whisker Plot

      • Statistical summary including quartiles and observations

WRITING CHAPTER 4: REQUIRED DOCUMENTS

  • Statement of the Problem

  • Collected Data

  • Analyzed Data

CHAPTER 4 CONTENTS

  • Begin with an introductory statement covering Chapter 4's focus

  • Discuss quantitative findings and analysis of data from respondents

  • Present data, findings, and objective interpretations by researchers

TABLES

  • A well-constructed table should include:

    • Table Number and Title: Clearly labeled above the table

    • Caption Subhead: Labels for columns and rows

    • Body: Detailed data entries

    • Population (N): Total cases included

    • Source: Acknowledge source of secondary data

INTERPRETATION OF DATA

  • Each table requires an interpretation section

  • Explain the results without merely repeating findings

  • Example Interpretation: Acknowledge gaps in knowledge about PLWHA and HIV/AIDS, attributing them to misinformation

OUTPUT/PLAN OF ACTION

  • Address solutions for the last question from the Statement of the Problem

  • Propose an online seminar about HIV/AIDS awareness

  • Plan to invite a speaker from the HIV/AIDS community to engage with students and promote testing and preventive measures.