IT, Culture, and Society Flashcards

Recall the current trends in the field of information technology.
Discuss the Internet of Things and its influence on the society.
Explain automation and its impact on the society.
Analyze how IT influences culture and social behavior.
Enumerate the rules of netiquette.
Describe cyberbullying and identify the steps to combat it.
Familiarize themselves with and demonstrate the imperatives of professional conduct for IT professionals.

Key trends:
- IoT and Smart Home Technology
- Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality
- Machine Learning
- Automation
- Big Data
- Physical-Digital Integrations
- Everything on Demand
Organizations are shifting manual business processes to automated ones, using ICT to improve products and services.
The Internet of Things (IoT) and automation have greatly influenced present-day culture and society.

Definition: A setup of devices and objects connected together in a given network, often wirelessly.
Key aspects:
- Sensors: Integration across technology and business.
- Big Data: Data analysis and synchronization.
- IoT Security: Mobile phone notifying you if you will allow a new device to connect to it via Bluetooth.
Applications of IoT:
- Smart Cars
- Smart Cities
- Connected Industries
- Connected Buildings
- Connected Cars
- Smart Energy

System Requirements: Industries have different requirements depending on the industry type (e.g., food industry vs. automobile manufacturer).
Connectivity: Varying connections (wired and wireless) and different protocols create challenges.
Power Requirements: Extending battery life for mobile IoT devices is crucial, especially in critical procedures.
Security: Protecting confidential information and system integrity against hacking and viruses is essential.
Development: Expanding the capabilities of developers to create more “smart things” is a challenge.
Services: Determining where collected data will go and identifying the platform for IoT applications requires consideration; cloud services offer end-to-end solutions.

Definition: With available technology and standards for computer system interconnection, the demand for system automation is on the rise.
Automated systems encompass automated business processes, operations, service provider functions, monitoring, and tools.
Examples:
- Automated payroll system
- Manufacturing plant that packs powdered juices in foil containers and sachets
- Automated weather forecast

Definition (IRPAAI): The application of technology that allows employees to configure computer software or a robot to capture and interpret existing applications for processing a transaction, manipulating data, triggering responses, and communicating with other digital systems.
Applications:
- Payroll
- Online System Registration
- Online Enrollment System
- IT Support Management: Automated systems can send notifications to IT Managers if part of the system fails
- Automated Assistants: Apple’s Siri is an example of voice recognition software used in RPA.

Definition: Hardware devices that can measure an event, object, or any physical quality.
Sensors can connect to other devices to track the data they measure.
Types of Sensors:
- Temperature Sensor
- Infrared Sensor
- Ultrasonic Sensor
- Touch Sensor
- Proximity Sensor
- Pressure Sensor
- Level Sensor
- Smoke / Gas Sensor

The widespread prevalence of technology introduces both positive and negative issues.
The surge of ICT has influenced people’s lives for better and worse.
Positive effects should focus on self-realization and social interaction, not solely on technology.
Gilkey (2015) noted the many small ways technology alters individual and collective behavior daily.
These “small ways” are becoming prominent, contributing to “generation wars” publicized in social media.

Online Reviews: Help viewers/readers decide what to watch or read.
Weblogging/Social Media: Bloggers post pictures of meals, places to go, etc.
YouTube Learners

Cyberbullying: Unwanted, hostile behavior done by individuals to gain control over others; cyberbullies can be classmates, neighbors, or officemates; victims often end up with personal traumas.
Netiquette: Describes how one should act online; brings in policies for all features and qualities of the internet.

Using social media is good for communication but can be used to discredit others.
Rules of netiquette (Spira, 2010):
1. The Personalize IT Rule: Put restrictions on accepting friends/followers.
2. The Off-limits Rule: Know limitations when voicing opinions.
3. The Tag – You’re It Rule: Be careful in tagging someone.

Think carefully before accepting private conversations, especially with unknown individuals.
Include only friends in group chats.
Avoid giving personal information or photos.
Save a copy/backup of conversations.
Log out of accounts, especially in public places.
Customize account settings from public to private.

Courtesy for Private-chatting:
1. Greet
2. Introduce yourself
3. Communicate your purpose clearly and respectfully
4. Wait for response
5. Close the conversation graciously
Note: Avoid messaging or calling during inappropriate hours unless it's urgent or pre-agreed.

Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people.
Thou shalt not interfere with other people's computer work.
Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's computer files.
Thou shalt not use a computer to steal.
Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false witness.
Thou shalt not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid (without permission).
Thou shalt not use other people's computer resources without authorization or proper compensation.
Thou shalt not appropriate other people's intellectual output.
Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the system you are designing.
Thou shalt always use a computer in ways that ensure consideration and respect for other humans.