Graphic Design Notes
Types of Graphic Design Work
- Visual Identity: logos, brand identity, style guides
- Packaging Design: food, drinks, storage, products
- Marketing and Advertising: leaflets, flyers, magazine and newspaper advertisements, posters, banners, billboards, infographics, vehicle wraps, brochures, in-store signage
- Layout and Print (publication): magazines, newspapers, catalogues
- Cover Artwork: music albums, books
- Environmental: exhibitions, murals, event and conference space, museum display, launch events, celebrations, fayres, retail space
- Special Events
- Illustration: graphic novels, comic strips, websites, album and book covers, infographics, technical illustrations
- Typography: kerning, leading, typeface, size, tracking
Graphic Design Brief
- Requirements:
- Different clients: corporate, public sector, independent
- Client's design requirements: purpose
- Research and analysis: design trends, target market, competitor research
- Copyright considerations: images use of stock images, licensing
- Content, typography
- Target audience: primary, secondary, demographic
- Contextual factors: personal, social, cultural, economic, political
Employment Opportunities in Graphic Design
- Artworker: Prepares designs for production, checking and correcting text, images, or layout using computer graphics software.
- Creative Director: Manages advertising and marketing efforts, plans advertisements, monitors campaigns, and shapes brand standards.
- Advertising Art Director: Designs images for ad campaigns.
- Animator: Creates films for commercials, computer games, music videos, and websites using sequential images.
- Illustrator: Creates visual images through design, art, and creative skills.
- Concept Artist: Develops initial visual concepts for characters, props, vehicles, and environments.
- Typographer: Creates or alters typefaces for specific needs.
Employers
- Graphic Design Agencies: Work on various projects for different brands.
- Freelance Graphic Designer: Works independently on multiple projects for multiple clients.
- In-house Graphic Designer: Employed by a single organization or brand.
Effective Use of Resources
- Planning a graphic design project.
- Considering the most efficient use of methods and processes.
- Anticipating difficulties (availability of supplies, working to deadlines).
- Avoiding waste: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
- Cost-effective.
Briefs
- Commercial: Selling artwork for business purposes.
- Competition: Opportunity to gain recognition.
- Collaborative: Working with multiple designers.
- Open Call: Freedom to experiment with design proposals.
- Closed Brief: Limits the range of solutions.
Design Constraints
- Copyright considerations.
- Expected timescales of work/tasks (collecting information, research, planning, building design concepts, production).
- Resources needed (materials, tools, computer, software, hardware).
Stages of the Development Process
- Planning: Layout Sketches, Mind Maps, First Sketches, Research
- Design Development: Refinement of first sketches, Experimentation, Drafts, Final Idea
- Pens, brushes, pencils, tablet, scanner, software, camera
- Colour Mixing, Gradients, Contrast, Alignment
- Digital Image Manipulation, Digital Illustration, Photography
- Mono Print, Lino Print, Stencil
- Freehand Drawing (Digital & Hand-Drawn), Scanning, Collage
Ongoing Review
- Client requirements
- Communication of ideas
- Appropriateness for target audience
- Potential problems and solutions (time, resources, skills)
- Refinement of experimentation
Physical Graphic Design Equipment
- Drawing Boards
- Set Squares
- French Curves
- T Squares & Rulers
- Compasses and Dividers
- Printer/Scanner
Digital Graphic Design Equipment
- Camera
- Illustration Software: Adobe Illustrator
- Photo-Manipulation Software: Adobe Photoshop
- Desktop Publishing Software: Adobe InDesign
- Web Design Software: Adobe XD
Design Disciplines
- Illustration
- Advertising
- Branding & Corporate Identity
- Packaging Graphics
- Typography
- Digital Design
- Communication Design
- CV
- Online presence (social media, websites, blogs)
- Networking (online, face to face)
- Business cards
Physical Graphic Design Materials
Digital Graphic Design Materials
- Stock Images
- Original Images
- Scanned Artwork
Paper Sizes
- A7
- A6
- A5
- A4: 297x210 mm
- A3: 297x420 mm
- A2: 595x420 mm
- A1
- A0: 595x841 mm