Urine production

outline the structure of a nephron.

Nephron is the functional unit of kidney - where urine is formed

Span across cortex and medulla of the pyramids

Renal corpuscle

  • Glomerulus (not of blood capilaries)

  • Golomerular capsule (brpwsman tube)

Renal tube

  • proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

  • loop of henle

  • distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

  • Collecting duct

outline the processes of filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion by the tubules in the nephrons, resulting in the production of urine.


Renal corpuscle

blood enters the kidney through renal arteries

structure


Glomerular filtration

Function: blood is filtred

The fluid (filtrate) contains


Filtration

As blood flows through the capillaries of the glomerulus, 20% of the plasma is filtered. →It can’t be 100% because the blood is continually flowing


Selective reabsorption:

filtrate contains nutrients required by body, being reabsorbed into blood from tubules into peritubular capillaries

  • Effective reabsorption is through increasing surface area by length of convoluted tubules and number of nephrons

  • Reabsorption of water is regulated by body water requirements


PCT and loop of helene

  • passive

  • Active

  • Passive

DCT

  • active re

CD

  • reabsorption of water

Tubular secretion - backup to make sure waste product




describe the composition of urine.

  • clear transparent fluid amber colour

  • collected in the blader and eliminated through urethra

  • water and other substances not reabsored in collecting