Government notes
political science is a science of social behavior
4 fields of political science
American politics- system of government, laws, and public behavior that controls the united states
the US works as a constitutional federal republic with a presidential system. this means power is shared between a central national government and individual state governments
international relations- the academic study and real world practice of how countries, international organizations, and global interact with one another
international relations focuses on
war and peace- how countries fight and prevent conflict
global trade- how money, goods, and jobs move between nations
diplomacy- how governments talk, negotiate, and build rules
shared problems- how the world handles climate change etc.
comparative politics- a subfield of political science that systematically studies and compares government systems, political institutions, behaviors, and process across different countries
methodology- a system or set of methods, rules, and principles used to do, study, or teach something
method vs. methodology
method- a single, practical tool or procedure used to complete a task
attitudes towards change
radical- either going to the foundation of something or the extreme
liberal- generosity, open-mindness on a political belief in individual freedom and progressive change
status quo- the existing state of affairs or the way things are right now
conservative- a person who favors traditional values
reactionary- a person or idea strongly opposes political or social change and wants to undo progress to return to an older, past way of life
attitude towards equality
socialism- the government owns and manages the major resources and means of production, rather than private individuals
social democracy- political and economical system that combines a capitalist market with a strong government-funded welfare state to promote social equality
liberal democracy- system of government that combines democratic rule (elections) with liberal political philosophy (protects individual rights and limits government power)
classical conservative- preserves tradition
fascism- puts nation and race above the individual
origins of globalization
united nations- security is enforced made from WWII
helps with economic development
currency pegging- system in which a country’s currency value is tied to the value of another major currency
free trade- economic policy where government do not restrict imports or exports with artificial barriers barriers like tariffs or quotas
general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT)- post WWII treaty created in 1947 to reduce trade barriers
world trade organization (WTO)- permanent global international body established in 1995 to replace GATT, expand its scope beyond goods, and enforce trade rules
world bank- international financial institution that provides loans, grants, and technical assistance to developing countries to reduce poverty and promote economic development
international monetary fund (IMF)- global organization of 191 member countries that works to keep the world economy stable
north Atlantic treaty organization (NATO)- international military and political alliance
tariffs- import tax
decoupling- trying to make things in one country rather than multiple
demographics
baby boom- 1946-1964 produced 80 million people
will open a lot of jobs in the next 10 years
texas is linked to commodity
oil
cotton
cattle
land did not get taken by the federal government when texas annexed into the united states
railroad commissioners- set oil prices/ 3 people ran it/ are in office for 6 years
central texas tech companies
texas instruments
tesla
dell
pharmaceuticals
data centers are attracted to texas
texas has no state income tax or tarrif tax
texas gets 58% of its revenue from sales tax and severance tax from oil
24th amendment banned poll tax
poll tax- pay $10 a year to exist
if you ignored it you couldn’t vote
affected many minority groups
demographics are the same in texas but we have to add the latino