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AQA GCSE Product Design: 2.2 - Forces and Stresses

Forces Acting on Materials and Objects:

  • Tension - Forces causing an object to be stretched or pulled apart
    • e.g. tug of war
  • Compression - Pushing forces that squeeze an object
    • e.g. drink can, table, chair
  • Shear - Cutting by moving an object sideways and in opposite directions
    • e.g. scissors
  • Bending - Forces causing an object to bend
    • e.g. ruler
  • Torsion - Twisting forces on an object
    • e.g. cars

Enhancing Materials

  • In order to resist forces and stresses.
  • Rope -
    • Stretchy twisted strands
    • Resistant against tension
  • Concrete -
    • Steel bars
    • High compressive strength and tension resistance
  • Fabrics -
    • Contain strips of another material
  • Timbers -
    • Laminating 2 pieces together
    • Resistant against tension, bending, and compression.

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