chem chapter 5-8

NAME Sara y.

Bellin College Chemistry

Unit 2 Exam Review (Chapters 5 - 8)

1. Chapter 5 "Nuclear Chemistry"

, Unit Objectives

Vuclear Sumbols 1. Describe aipha, beta, gamma radiations and the types of protection

needed to reduce the damages from exposure to these radiations.

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Beta

Positron

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OSITron 2. Write equations for the different types of radioactive decay.

  1. Define the units of measurement of radioactivity as well as the units used to assess the damages caused by radiation.

  2. Calculate the half-lives of isotopes and the amounts of radioisotope

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remaining after the passage of a certain amount of time given the half-life(s) of those radioisotopes.

  1. Describe the uses of different radioisotopes in nuclear medicine.

  2. Describe the differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

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B. Book Problems to do (Chapter 5): 59, 63, 65, 79, 83, 87

Chapter 6 "Compounds and their Bonds" *Ionic vs Covalent

A. Unit Objectives

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. State the Octet Rule and its importance in bonding as well as write the symbols of ions formed by the representative elements of the Periodic

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X

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2. Use the principle of Charge Balance to write correct formulas for ionic compounds given their names.

Write the correct name for an ionic compound given its formula.

Write names and formulas for the compounds formed with polyatomic ions.

Describe the nature of covalent bonding and the different types of covalent bonding and illustrate the various types of covalent bonding with examples.

  1. Name and write the formulas for covalent molecules.

  2. Define Electronegativity and distinguish between polar covalent bonds and nonpolar covalent bonds.

  3. Describe the key point of the SEPR theory and use the rules of this theory and that of bond polarity to determine the shape and polarity of the molecules.

  4. Describe the intermolecular forces between ions, polar covalent molecules, and nonpolar covalent molecules.

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= B. Book Problems to do (Chapter 6): 119, 125, 131, 137, 141, 147, 149

Polar = Dip Dip

Planar

Hydrogen = H bonds with:

N. O, F

H

Hydrogin bonding

Chapter 7 "Chemical Reactions and Quantities"

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A. Unit Objectives

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Write the balanced equations for a chemical reaction using the correct formulas for the reactants and products of the reaction.

Describe the different types of reactions and illustrate each type with an

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Define the terms oxidation and reduction. Identify the oxidized species and the reduced species in an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction.

Define the term "Mole" and be able to problem solve with moles.

Define Molar Mass and use it to convert moles to grams and vise versa.

Given the balanced equation to a reaction, be able to convert from moles of one substance into moles of another substance.

Convert mass in grams of one substance into the mass in grams of another.

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Determine the limiting reactant in a reaction and the percentage yield as well as the theoretical yield of product formed in the reaction.

9. Differentiate between exothermic and endothermic reactions.

B. Book problems to do (Chapter 7): 119, 121, 123, 129, 133, 135, 139, 143

Chapter 8 "Gases"

A. Unit Objectives

  1. Understand the key points of the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) of gases and their application to the physical properties of gases.

  2. List the names and values of the different units of measurement of gas pressure.

  3. Determine the pressure of a collected gas using a manometer and eudiometer setup.

  4. Describe the Combined Gas Law and its application. Problem-solve using the relationship between Volume, Pressure, and Temperature.

  5. Define the Ideal Gas Law and problem-solve with it.
    Describe Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure and problem-solve with it.
    Describe effusion and diffusion of gases and be able to apply Graham's Law.

8. Describe the factors affecting gas molecule speed. Determine average speed of various gases.

Convert between Liters of gas and grams of a reactant or product at Standard and Nonstandard Conditions.

B. Book problems to do (Chapter 8): 81, 87, 89, 93, 95, 97