earth and space science midterm review
1. Which planet has an orbit most like a circle?
Venus
2. Which planet has an equatorial diameter that is closest to Mercury?
Mars
3. Which planet spins on its axis the fastest?
Jupiter
4. Which planet’s axis is tilted almost completely upside down?
Uranus
5. What is the duration of time needed for carbon to oxygen to take place in a massive star?
About 100,000 years
6. During nucleosynthesis what does Helium turn into?
Carbon
7. What is the approximate luminosity of Rigel in solar units?
About 120,000 times the Sun’s luminosity
8. What is the approximate color and temperature of G class stars?
Yellow; about 5,300–6,000 K
9. As a red giant star turns into a white dwarf star, what happens to its temperature and luminosity?
Temperature increases, luminosity decreases
10. What is the intermediate stage of a massive star?
Red supergiant
11. How long does it take for a Red Dwarf to turn into a White Dwarf?
Trillions of years (longer than the age of the universe)
12. What city is located at 42°30’N, 76°30’W?
Ithaca, New York
13. What is the approximate latitude and longitude of Watertown?
About 44° N, 76° W
14. Approximately how far apart are Geneva and Geneseo (New York) in km?
About 80 km
15. Which two cells meet at an area of subtropical high pressure?
Hadley cell and Ferrel cell
16. What is the approximate latitude of the Northern Hemisphere westerlies?
About 30°–60° N
17. What is the boundary between the stratosphere and troposphere called?
The tropopause
18. What is the approximate height of the tropopause at the equator?
About 16 km
19. What is the approximate latitude of the Northern Hemisphere subtropical jet stream?
About 30° N
20. What is the approximate altitude of the Polar Front Jet Stream in km?
About 9 km
21. Is the Labrador Current a warm or cold current?
Cold
22. What ocean current can be found at 60° S?
Antarctic Circumpolar Current (West Wind Drift)
23. Would coastal cities in the southern half of South America have warmer temperatures on the east or west side of the continent?
East side
24. Do the ocean currents in the South Atlantic Ocean spin clockwise or counterclockwise?
Counterclockwise
25. Which type of electromagnetic energy has a wavelength shorter than the visible spectrum?
Ultraviolet
26. Which color of visible light has a wavelength of 5.1 × 10² nm?
Green
27. As frequency gets larger, what happens to the value of wavelength?
Wavelength decreases
28. What is the only element listed in the Emission Spectra chart that has a spectral line with a wavelength of 685 nm?
Neon
29. Most of the spectral lines for nitrogen fall into the range of what color?
Violet/blue
30. What kind of front is represented on a weather map by a symbol with sharp points on one side and round bumps on the other side?
Stationary front
31. If this front is shown on a weather map as a straight line with sharp points on top, would the wind be moving toward the top or bottom of the paper?
Toward the top of the paper