Gilded Age & Western Expansion -All quizzes

Question 1 During the Indian Wars in 1876, Chief Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse of the Lakota Sioux led a contingent of 2000 warriors to attack and defeat a U.S. Army cavalry force of 700 men, killing 268 men including the unit's commander Lt. Col. George A. Custer. This was the worst defeat suffered by the U.S. Army during this conflict.

• A - Sand Creek Massacre

• B - Battle of Little Bighorn

• C - Battle of Cedar Creek

• D - Battle of Tippecanoe

Question 2 Match the Gilded Age tycoons with their respective industries.

1. John D. Rockefeller — Oil/Petroleum

2. Andrew Carnegie — Steel

3. Jay Gould & Cornelius Vanderbilt — Railroads

4. JP Morgan — Banks

Question 3 Which event caused membership in the Knights of Labor to drop and virtually bring the union to an end?

• A - The Homestead Strike of 1892

• B - The Populists gaining seats in Congress in 1894

• C - The Railroad Strike of 1877

• D - The Haymarket Incident in 1886

Question 4 During the peak of bison-hunting in the 1880s, it is believed that the American Bison population dropped from 60 million (or more) animals to approximately how many animals?

• A - Ten Thousand

• B - A few hundred

• C - One Hundred Thousand

• D - 0 - they went extinct

Question 5 Which is NOT true of the Homestead Act of 1862?

• A - Applicants had to "improve" the land in some regard

• B - Applicants could apply to obtain 160-acres of Federal land in the West

• C - Only U.S. Citizens could apply for land

• D - It encouraged massive migration to the West

Question 6 Signed into law by Chester A. Arthur, what did the Pendleton Act (1883) do?

• A - It banned Chinese immigration in the U.S. for 10 years

• B - It established basic competency tests for Federal employees

• C - It called for Native American assimilation into American culture on their Reservations

• D - It banned monopolies

Question 7 During the Gilded Age, what were "pools and trusts"?

• A - When one company has outright dominance in an industry.

• B - When multiple companies, that should be competing, effectively cooperate to control higher prices

• C - When multiple companies properly compete against each other.

• D - When one company is "fractured" into smaller, competing companies by the U.S. Government

Question 8 Which event led to the end of Reconstruction in the South (and withdrawal of Federal troops from occupying the Southern States)?

• A - The Election of 1876 & Compromise/Bargain of 1877

Question 9 According to how political parties were aligned during the end of Reconstruction and throughout the Gilded Age; which political party had their power based in the North & West, presented itself as protectors of big & small business, used tariffs to protect business, and had expanded the Federal Government's power during Reconstruction to oversee the freeing and educating of former slaves in the South? This party became more conservative during the Gilded Age.

• A - Progressive

• B - Democratic

• C - Republican

• D - Populist

Question 10 How were the California and later Colorado "Gold Rushes" so successful for people who migrated West?

• A - People looted riches from the Native Americans they defeated

• B - There was so much gold virtually every migrant was able to mine some and be well-off

• C - Most people didn't mine gold, but people brought their skill-sets with them and built an economy of opportunity

• D - It was an illusion of success and people were often starving and poor in the West

Question 11 Which is NOT true of the Populist Party platform?

• A - Wanted the Silver Standard or "bimetallism" (a mix of gold/silver)

• B - Wanted no term limits for U.S. Presidents

• C - Wanted Federal Gov't control over railroads

• D - Wanted a Graduated Income Tax

Question 12 Who coined the term, "Survival of the fittest" and effectively applied to human society?

• A - Charles Darwin

• B - Karl Marx

• C - James Weaver

• D - Herbert Spencer

Question 13

How did sharecropping often tie Southern Black farmers to White landowners in the New South?

• A - Slavery was reinstated

• B - Black farmers were often trapped in unsustainable debt

• C - Black farmers signed contracts that required them to remain on the farms

• D - The KKK enforced this system

Question 14

Which is NOT true about the "Lost Cause" in the New South during the 1880s-1910s?

• A - Pushing the narrative that the Civil War was about "States' Rights" and "not about slavery"

• B - Portraying Northern soldiers as pillagers/invaders while Southerners are portrayed romantically and gallantly in media and films

• C - Naming US military bases/forts after Northern officers and war heroes

Question 15

As early as 1854, the U.S. already had established an example of gunboat diplomacy by sending a squadron of ships under Commodore Matthew Perry to open which country?

• A - China

• B - Japan

• C - Russia

• D - Hawaii

Question 16

Starting in 1878, Thomas Edison brought scientists to his lab in ______ to work on and commercialize electricity and generators.

• A - Menlo Park

• B - Oak Ridge

Question 17

Which Supreme Court case (1896) determined segregation in the South was effectively legal if it was "separate but equal"?

• A - Brown v. Board of Education

• B - Plessy v. Ferguson

• C - Dred Scott v. Sandford

• D - Marbury v. Madison

Question 18

By 1900, which nation had the largest, most-powerful empire in the world?

• A - The United States

• B - Germany

• C - France

• D - Great Britain

Question 19

This battle made Theodore Roosevelt a "household name" in the U.S. during the Spanish-American War.

• A - Battle of Manila Bay

• B - Battle of San Juan Hills

• C - Battle of Havana

• D - Battle of Puerto Rico

Question 20

In the 1870s-1920s, immigrants coming to America along the East Coast were made up mostly of which groups?

• A - Chinese and Mexicans

• B - Irish and Germans

• C - Italians, Polish and Eastern European Jews

Question 21

What was chain migration in the period between 1870-1920?

• A - Immigrants arriving, often in chains, having been in bondage in their homelands

• B - Immigrants being used as slave labor by American industrialists in the cities

• C - Immigrants spreading sometimes exaggerated stories of success in America back home, leading to more immigrants coming and repeating the process

• D - Immigrants being sent to the Jim Crow South

Question 22 (Matching)

Match the Diplomatic/Imperialism Location and the corresponding event.

23. Of these, which was one of the few parts of Wilson's Fourteen Points to make it into the Treaty of Versailles?

• A - The Guilt Clause on Germany

• B - Formation of the League of Nations

• C - Forcing Germany to pay reparations to the Allies for damages done during the war

• D - Disarming the German Navy and Air Force & limiting their Army to 100,000 troops

24. What were the two main reasons that pushed the U.S. to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917?

• A - German unrestricted submarine warfare and the sinking of the RMS Lusitania

• B - German unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram

25. What was the Great Migration?

• A - The migration of Russians out of the territory surrendered to the Central Powers in 1917

• B - The migration of American women from the West into Northern U.S. to enlist in the U.S. Armed Forces as nurses and doctors

• C - The migration of Southern African Americans into Northern U.S. cities to fill job openings during the war

• D - The migration of Latinos from Mexico into the U.S. to fill job openings during the war

26. What was the Schlieffen Plan?

• A - The British plan to build a navy at a 2:1 ratio to Germany's

• B - The German plan to invade France and knock them out of any conflict before Russia could mobilize its forces in the East

27. Correct this sequence: Austria declares war on Serbia, Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary,

Britain declares war on Germany

• A - Germany declares war on Russia, Germany declares war on and invades France through Belgium,

• B - Germany declares war on Russia, Germany invades Russia

• C - USA declares war on Germany, Germany declares war on USA

• D - Italy withdraws from the Triple Alliance citing a "defensive alliance"

28. Who was the lead Republican Senator that opposed Woodrow Wilson and the Treaty of Versailles - ultimately leading the U.S. Senate to not ratify the treaty?

• A - Alice Paul

• B - Warren G. Harding

• C - Henry Cabot Lodge

• D - Calvin Coolidge

29. What was the Battle of the Jutland?

• A - A series of battles in 1914-5, where the Germans defeated the Russians numerous times and pushed them out of Eastern Germany and into Russia

• B - A major battle in France where the Allies attempted to break trench warfare and drive back the Germans in 1916 - little was accomplished for over 1 million casualties

30. Which was NOT a member of the Triple Alliance (Central Powers) before World War 1, but joined after hostilities began per a secret agreement?

• A - Italy

• B - Serbia

• C - Austria-Hungary

• D - Ottoman Empire

31. Lecture Question: Which was the weapon U.S. troops used in World War 1, to great effect, that caused the Germans to issue a diplomatic protest?

• A - Chlorine Gas

• B - Napalm and flame throwers

• C - Tanks & Armored Vehicles

• D - Shotguns

32. Which of these is NOT a cause of tensions leading up to World War 1?

• A - The (British) Anglo-German Naval Arms Race

• B - The Unification of Germany in 1871 and its empire-building

• C - The creation of the Triple Alliance & Triple Entente

• D - The U.S. becoming a "Great Power" and establishing an empire

33. Which program did FDR use as a prototype or "test model" for his New Deal concepts when he was Governor of New York during the peak of the Great Depression?

• A - Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

• B - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• C - Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

• D - Temporary Emergency Relief Administration (TERA)

34. Which policy secured American loans to the new German "Weimar" Republic?

• A - Kellogg-Briand Pact

• B - Marshall Plan

• C - Dawes Plan

• D - Treaty of Versailles

35. Match the New Deal Program to its appropriate identifier.

36. FDR’s reorganization and regulation of banks in the First New Deal included the __________ that has the Federal Government insure people’s bank deposits up to a certain amount.

• A - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• B - Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

• C - Works Progress Administration (WPA)

• D - Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

37. What did the National Origins Act of 1924 do?

• A - Restricted all incoming immigration for 15 years

• B - Restricted incoming immigration from the former Central Powers after World War 1

• C - Restricted Latin American immigration

• D - Set quotas that restricted immigration per nation, but favored Western Europe over Eastern Europe

38. Usually controlled by organized crime and Mafias, __________ smuggled liquor either overland into the U.S. from Canada or, once in the U.S. from the Great Lakes, these people smuggled liquor overland throughout the U.S. for distribution.

• A - Bootleggers

• B - Rum Runners

39. Which is NOT true about the new generation challenging the norm of their parents in the 1920s?

• A - Young folks enjoyed new consumer goods produced after World War 1

• B - Young folks danced to jazz and early forms of "Big Band"/"Swing" performed by African American bands

• C - Automobiles allowed young folks to go on "dates" instead of supervised "courting"

• D - Young women cut their hair short, drank, smoked, and wore shorter skirts

40. According to lecture and notes, what were the main factors that led up to the Crash of 1929?

• A - Overproduction & over-extension of credit

• B - Tariffs & Overproduction

41. With players like Babe Ruth, this baseball team became the stuff of legends in the 1920s with the development of radio.

• A - The Boston Red Sox

• B - The Detroit Tigers

• C - The Brooklyn Dodgers

• D - The New York Yankees

42. According to the lecture/notes, during his rise, what did Adolf Hitler point out as "proof" that Capitalism and Democracy would ultimately "fail" people?

• A - The Treaty of Versailles

• B - The Great Depression

• C - The Communist Revolutions in Russia and Europe after WW1

43. (Video) According to the video, when a Soviet pilot defected with his MiG-25, where did he fly to and land?

• A - Israel

• B - West Germany

• C - Japan

• D - Taiwan

44. US financial aid, which was the model of the Marshall Plan, helped defeat communist revolutions in which two European countries between 1947-9?

• A - West Germany and France

• B - Spain and Italy

• C - Poland and Hungary

• D - Greece and Turkey

45. Why did the Soviets begin their blockade of Berlin in June of 1948?

• A - To protest the formation of NATO

• B - To protest the American occupation of Berlin, which violated the Potsdam Agreement

• C - To protest the introduction of the Marshall Plan and a West German currency

• D - To protest the deployment of American nuclear weapons into West Berlin

46. (Video) In Vietnam, why was the F4 Phantom failing to keep up with Soviet-designed MiGs in combat?

• A - They were built in too few numbers

• B - They lacked radar and any air-to-air weapons

• C - They were designed as bombers and relied too heavily on missiles

• D - They were designed as interceptors, had no guns, and relied too much on missiles

47. Who was the first human launched into space?

• A - Alan Shepard

• B - Neil Armstrong

• C - Yuri Gagarin

• D - Sergei Korolev

48. What did USAF pilot Gail Halvorsen do during the Berlin Airlift, that proved very popular with the people of West Berlin and in the United States?

• A - He organized the "aerial conveyor belt" where planes landed every 45 seconds at Berlin's Tempelhof Airport

• B - He was chief logistics officer that organized loading and unloading procedures at West Berlin, bringing incoming daily tonnage over 5000tons a day

• C - He dropped candies with parachutes from his plane on crowds of children while on final approach to Tempelhof, inspiring the USAF to have other pilots do the same

49. Why was Gen. Douglas MacArthur relieved of command (fired) as commander of the U.N. Command in the Korean War in April of 1951 by President Truman?

• A - Under MacArthur's leadership, UN forces were losing the war and let North Korean forces overrun much of South Korea

• B - MacArthur, busy with governing Japan, was too occupied and even too old to be commanding UN forces

• C - The European allies wanted a European commander so that the UN Command wasn't just "Americans commanding" the entire operation

• D - MacArthur exceeded the UN mandate pushing the North Koreans all the way to the Chinese border and wanted control of the US nuclear arsenal, making threats he'd use nukes on (Communist) China if provoked

50. Following the defeat of the Chinese Nationalists in 1949, where did they retreat to and still claim themselves to be the legitimate "Republic of China"?

• A - Taiwan

• B - Japan

51. Why did Western European nations and the U.S. & Canada come together to form NATO in April of 1949?

• A - To maintain global peace with a Security Council that could enforce peacekeeping missions

• B - To protect themselves in a defensive military alliance against Soviet aggression following the Berlin Blockade

• C - To allow them to collect Marshall Plan money together

• D - To "de-Nazify" Germany once and for all following World War 2