Module 13

Cognitive

Mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and senses

-Risk Factors for Impairment-

Elderly, poor health, lack of social support, history of stroke, diabetes, substance abuse, birth injuries, genetic conditions

-Assess Impairment-

General Appearance, Behavior, Cognitive function, memory, language, calculation, abstract reasoning

Sensory

Ability to receive sensory input and through various physiological processes in the body, translate stimulus/data into meaningful information

-Risk Factors for Impairment-

Developmental stage, culture, stress, meds and illness, lifestyle and personality

-Assess Impairment-

visual acuity, eye movement, pupil response, evaluation of hearing, taste and smell, tactile assessment

-Interventions-

use of safety devices, proactive management, surgery, pharmacotherapy, adaptive methods

Sensory Deprivation

excess yawning, sleeping, drowsiness, decreased attention, difficult concentration, impaired memory, palpitations, delusions/hallucinations, depression, racing thoughts

Sensory Overload

fatigue, irritability, anxiety, disorientation, decreased problem solving ability, scattered attention, racing thoughts

Assessing Sensory-Perception

Visual, Auditory, Gustatory, Olfactory, tactile, Kinesthetic, Mental Status, Physical Exam, Environment, Social Support

-Interventions-

Early detection, change position often, sensory aids, effective communication, safety, dark glasses, earplugs, newspaper, books, music, tv, visitors

-Disturbances-

Unnecessary Noises

Delirium

acute confusion, reversible, worsens at night, hallucinations

-Environment-

Name tag, reorient, speak calm and clear, encourage family to visit, eliminate unnecessary noise, schedule activities

Dementia

chronic confusion, memory impairment, impaired judgement, disturbed sleep, delusions

States of Awareness

  • Full consciousness: A/O x 3

  • Disoriented: not A/O x 3

  • Confused: reduced awareness, easily bewildered, poor memory, impaired judgement

  • Somnolent: extremely drowsy but will respond

  • Semi Comatose: can be aroused by extreme or repeated stimuli

  • Coma: will not respond to verbal stimuli

  • Obtunded and Lethargic: other terms

Chapter 38 Fundamentals:

https://quizlet.com/280363550/flashcards?funnelUUID=dd57825f-5250-4a1d-9fee-3100b4943482