ecological productivity

what is primary production

rate at which producers (autotrophs) accumulate carbon compounds in their biomass

biomass accumulates as organisms grow or reproduce

whats primary production measured in

units of mass per unit area per unit time, such as grams per square metre

what does a higher producer biomass mean

it means that a higher number of organisms & a greater diversity of organisms can be supported

what does the rate at which primary producers accumulate biomass, depend on

depends on the region & season, as well as a couple factors, such as sunlight, temperature, precepiation

how is the primary production in regions with nutrient -rich soil, abundant sunlight & water

typically very high

remember - energy can be lost in producers through metabolic activities

  • not all the energy produced through photosynthesis is stored in biomass - some of it is used to fuel metabolic activities = energy loss


whats the gross primary productivity (GPP)

total amount of energy captured as biomass by primary producers

is basically the rate at which autotrophs convert carbon compounds into organic matter

whats the net primary productivity (NPP)

the amount of energy available for organisms in higher trophic levels 

calculated by this equation - NPP=GPP-R 

  • R = respiration rate


whats secondary production

rate at which heterotrophs (consumers) will accumulate carbon compounds as part of their own biomass

how is energy lost for consumers

in cell respiration, carbon compounds are converted into CO2 & H20

  • results in a loss of energy


is secondary production higher than primary production?

no, it’s lower than primary production

whats the gross secondary productivity (GSP)

total biomass assimilated by heterotrophs in an ecosystem

determined by measuring the total food consumed by organisms subtract the mass lost through faecal excretion

whats the net secondary productivity

energy available for higher tropic levels