Pesticide Labeling

Pesticide Labeling

Introduction

  • The pesticide label is the primary means of communication between the manufacturer, the EPA, and the end-user.
  • It provides critical information on how to use the product correctly and safely.

Objectives of Chapter Three

  • Distinguish between various types of pesticide registrations.
  • Explain when to read the pesticide label.
  • State who can use a pesticide.
  • Identify common chemical, brand, or trade names of a pesticide.
  • Determine the percentage of active ingredients in a formulation.
  • Interpret label signal words, symbols, and their relative hazard levels.
  • Identify precautionary, first aid, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental, physical, or chemical hazards.
  • Identify mixing, loading, storage, and disposal requirements.
  • Determine restricted entry and reentry intervals.
  • Interpret other documents and online resources referenced on the label (labeling).
  • Distinguish between advisory and mandatory statements on a label.
  • Discuss how to use information on a Safety Data Sheet (SDS).

Key Definitions

  • Pesticide Label: Information printed on or attached to the pesticide container.
  • Labeling: Includes the label itself and all other information about the product referenced on the label (e.g., manuals, brochures, leaflets, SDS).

Importance of Reading the Label

  • Read the label before buying, using, storing, or disposing of a pesticide.
  • Failure to follow label directions can result in accidents and legal action.
  • Labels are legal documents providing directions on mixing, applying, storing, and disposing of pesticides.
  • Misusing a pesticide is a violation of federal law.

Pesticide Development and Testing

  • The process typically takes around six years and involves significant financial investment.
  • Tests include:
    • Effectiveness and safety under various environmental conditions
    • Toxicity to humans and wildlife
    • Efficacy of performance data to control pests on various sites (plants, animals, soil, structures)
    • Degradation, mobility, and residue tests
    • Effects on wildlife and the environment, included in an Environmental Impact Statement.

Pesticide Registration

  • Most pesticides sold in the US require evaluation and registration by the EPA under FIFRA.
  • This ensures that products do not pose unreasonable risks to human health or the environment.
  • Main type of registration is Section 3, but there are other types as well.

User Responsibilities

  • Ensure the product is registered for the intended use.
  • Confirm there are no restrictions prohibiting use at the application site.
  • Identify required PPE and application equipment.
  • Determine precautions to prevent exposure to people and non-target organisms.
  • Learn necessary first aid and medical treatments.
  • Ensure product use is suitable for weather conditions.
  • Verify it controls the appropriate life stage of the pest.
  • Understand proper storage and disposal methods.

Label Components

  • Labels can be complex, but each component provides essential information.
  • Key parts include:
    • Trade name (brand or product name)
    • Ingredient statement
    • Signal words
    • Precautionary statements
    • Directions for use
    • Storage and disposal information

Pesticide Names

  • Trade Name: Appears prominently on the label (e.g., Plant Guard 50W).
    • The "50W" indicates a wettable powder with 50% active ingredient.
  • Ingredient Statement: Lists active and inert ingredients.
    • Active ingredients must be listed with percentages.
    • Inert ingredients must be quantified, but chemicals do not need to be named unless hazardous.

Active Ingredients

  • Chemicals that have activity against the target pest.
  • Federal law mandates listing and quantification.
  • Example: SEVIN, active ingredient carbaryl (20% by weight).
  • The actual chemical name of the active ingredient must be listed. (e.g., tetrachloroisothalonitrile).
  • EPA allows manufacturers to use common names. (e.g., chlorothalonil).
  • Purchase pesticides according to common names.

Signal Words

  • Indicate the potential hazard of the pesticide.
  • Danger-Poison: Highly toxic by any route; can cause death in low doses. The word