For HUMMN FC
Religion
A system of beliefs and practices that connects people to what they consider sacred or divine.
Monotheism
Belief in one God.
Polytheism
Belief in multiple gods or goddesses.
Myth
A traditional or sacred story that explains important beliefs, human life, nature, or the relationship between humans and the divine.
Pantheism
The belief that God or the divine is present in everything; God and the universe are essentially one.
James Frazer
An anthropologist who studied religion and argued that human thought developed from magic → religion → science.
Rudolf Otto
A scholar of religion who described the "numinous" as the mysterious, powert nd awe-inspiring experience of the sacred.
E.B. Tylor
Theology
Carl Jung
William James
Émile Durkheim
Post-Structuralism
An anthropologist who studied religion and argued that human thought developed from magic → religion → science.
A scholar of religion who described the "numinous" as the Share Message ience of the
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An anthropologist who defined religion as belief in spiritual beings and argued that animism was an early form of religion.
The study of God, gods, or religious beliefs, usually from within a particular religious tradition.
A psychologist who believed religious symbols, myths, and experiences connect to the unconscious mind and universal archetypes.
A psychologist who studied religion through personal religious experiences, focusing on how religion affects individuals.
A sociologist who defined religion as a unified system of beliefs and practices concerning the sacred that brings people together as a moral community.
An approach that argues that meaning is not fixed and that language, culture, and power influence how people understand reality and religious ideas.
Ganesha → *m Elephant god; removes obstacles
Lakshmi → § Goddess of wealth
Transcendentalism → # Reality goes beyond the physical world
General Characteristics of Hinduism →
No single founder; many beliefs and practices
5. Samadhi →
Deep meditation
Yoga → ¿ Spiritual path to liberation
Karma →
Actions have consequences
8. Hatha Yoga →
Yoga focused on the body
9. Raja Yoga →
Yoga focused on meditation/mind
10. Harappa →
Ancient city of the Indus Valley civilization
11. Guru →
Spiritual teacher
12. Dharma →
Duty / moral responsibility
13. Sannyasin →
i, Gives up worldly life for spirituality
14. Vedanta →
Hindu philosophy based on the Upanishads
15. Puja →
Worship + offerings
16. Krishna →
Vishnu avatar; teaches Arjuna
17. Trimurti →
Brahma + Vishnu + Shiva
18. Rama & Sita →
Righteous couple from the Ramayana
Indra →
Vedic god of storms/rain
20. Hanuman →
Monkey god loyal to Rama
21. Ahimsa →
Nonviolence
Moksha → ( Freedom from rebirth
Nature of Vedic worship →
Fire + sacrifices + offerings + chants
24. Mantra →
* Sacred words/sounds repeated
25. Durga →
Goddess who protects and defeats evil
26. Agni →
Fire god; carries offerings to the gods
27. Rig Veda →
Oldest Veda; contains hymns
28. Upanishads →
Philosophical texts about Brahman, Atman, karma, moksha
Bhagavad Gita → * Krishna teaches Arjuna
Arjuna → * Warrior taught by Krishna
Maya → 0 Illusion / false perception of reality
Karma → A4 Actions → consequences
M. K. Gandhi → & Indian independence + nonviolence
Bhakti → • Devotion/love toward a god
Caste system →
• Traditional social class system
36. Brahmin →
Priest/learned class
37. Kali → X. Fierce goddess of destruction
Karma = Actions AL
Dharma = Duty
Moksha = Freedom
Maya = Illusion
Bhakti = Devotion
Puja = Worship
Ahimsa = Nonviolence d
Hatha = Body
Raja = Mind/Meditation ®
Agni = Fire
Indra = Storms
Ganesha = Obstacles *
Lakshmi = Wealth
Durga = Protection
Kali= Destruction
Krishna = Teacher
Arjuna = Warrior *
Guru = Teacher
Brahmin= Priest
Gandhi = Nonviolence and the man who gave India their
independence