1.3 Northern Renaissance
LEARNING OBJECTICE: How were Renaissance ideas developed, maintained, and changed as the Renaissance spread to northenr Europe?
INTRODUCTION
Renaissance humanism & art spread through Europe (Northern Renaissance)
Northern humanist focused more on Religion
Naturalism was more human-centered (showed ordinary individuals & scenes from everyday life) (less focused on beauty & more on realism)
Depended on wealthy patrons to buy their art
VISUAL ARTS IN THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
Flanders became leading center of art in North
Artist observed nature closey to depict details
did not protray skills of perspective & proportion
spread of protestantism later on—→ decline in relgious works
ALBRECHT DURER
Leading German Renaiissance artist
traveled to Italy to study renaissance techniques
blended Italian perspective & realism w northenr detail & symbolism
helped spread Italian Renaissance northward with his art
famous for praintings, prints, & woodcuts (wood design carving w paint)
JAN VAN EYCK
Renaissance artist
one of the first artist to excel at new medium of oil paints
PETER BRUGEL THE ELDER
Northern Renaissance artist from Flanders
painted scenes from Bible and lives of ordinary people
traveled to Italy to learn about techniques there
REMBRANDT
Renaissance painter & Baroque artist
Baroque art
created bold, dramatic, & complex artworks
remembered for dramatic use of light & shadow for realism
CHRISTIAN HUMANISM SEEK RELIGIOUS REFORM
Renaissance interest strongly impacted Catholic Roman Church
Increased desire to spread wealth through painters—→ decline in church responsivilities
Christian humanist called for religious reform
read Biblie in new language
studied writings of early Christian leaders
ERASMUS PLEADS FOR REFORM
Desiderius Erasmus
Dutch scholar who represented Christian Humanism
received traditional education & liberal arts education
called fore literate people to read Bible for themselves