Vocabulary

English

Türkçe

Simple English

audience

dinleyici kitlesi

people listening

speaker

konuşmacı

person giving a speech

speech

konuşma

a formal talk

message

mesaj

information or idea

communicate

iletişim kurmak

to share information

communication

iletişim

sharing information

inform

bilgilendirmek

to give information

persuade

ikna etmek

to convince

entertain

eğlendirmek

to make people enjoy something

convince

ikna etmek

to make someone believe

influence

etkilemek

to affect someone

deliver

sunmak

to give a speech

organize

düzenlemek

to arrange

practice

pratik yapmak

to do something repeatedly

clarify

açıklığa kavuşturmak

to make clear

respond

yanıt vermek

to answer or react

response

yanıt

an answer or reaction

feedback

geri bildirim

a response or reaction

interaction

etkileşim

communication between people

meaning

anlam

what something means

context

bağlam

the situation around something

culture

kültür

shared beliefs and customs

experience

deneyim

something you have lived through

perspective

bakış açısı

a way of seeing something

belief

inanç

something you think is true

value

değer

something important to you

attitude

tutum

feeling toward something

opinion

fikir

personal belief or view

behavior

davranış

the way someone acts

personality

kişilik

someone’s character

environment

çevre

surroundings

relationship

ilişki

connection between people

dialogue

diyalog

communication between people

monologue

monolog

speech by one person

transactional

karşılıklı iletişimsel

involving two-way communication

interactional

etkileşimli

involving interaction

channel

iletişim kanalı

way a message is sent

source

kaynak / gönderen

person sending a message

receiver

alıcı

person receiving a message

encode

kodlamak

to create a message

decode

kodunu çözmek

to understand a message

noise

gürültü / engel

something that interrupts communication

field

alan

an area or range

temporal

zamansal

related to time

physical

fiziksel

related to the body/place

social

sosyal

related to people

psychological

psikolojik

related to the mind

cultural

kültürel

related to culture

English

Türkçe

Simple English

anxiety

kaygı

nervousness or worry

fear

korku

feeling afraid

glossophobia

konuşma korkusu

fear of public speaking

trait

özellik

a personal characteristic

state

durum

a temporary condition

scrutiny

inceleme / izlenme

being watched carefully

cognitive

bilişsel

related to thinking

restructuring

yeniden yapılandırma

changing the way you think

identify

belirlemek

to recognize

compare

karşılaştırmak

to look at differences/similarities

replace

yerine koymak

to put something instead

negative

olumsuz

not positive

positive

olumlu

good or helpful

realistic

gerçekçi

based on reality

visualize

zihinde canlandırmak

imagine something

confidence

özgüven

belief in yourself

prepare

hazırlanmak

get ready

preparation

hazırlık

getting ready

nervousness

gerginlik

feeling nervous

gesture

jest / el hareketi

body movement

presentation

sunum

formal speech

gimmick

numara / dikkat çekme yöntemi

a trick to get attention

memorize

ezberlemek

learn by memory

conversant

bilgili / hakim

familiar with a topic

outline

taslak

basic plan

roadmap

yol haritası

guide or plan

timing

zamanlama

control of time

flow

akış

smooth movement

topic

konu

subject

verbal

sözlü

using words

nonverbal

sözsüz

without words

critical thinking

eleştirel düşünme

careful thinking

thought leader

fikir lideri

person influencing others with ideas

passion

tutku

strong interest

skill

beceri

ability to do something

across

karşıya / aracılığıyla

from one side to another

effective

etkili

producing a good result

natural

doğal

normal or not forced

tremble

titremek

shake slightly

release

bırakmak

let go

tension

gerginlik

physical or mental stress

English

Türkçe

Simple English

analysis

analiz

careful examination

audience analysis

dinleyici analizi

learning about the audience

adapt

uyarlamak

change to fit

worthwhile

değerli

worth doing

relevant

ilgili

connected to the topic

diversity

çeşitlilik

differences among people

stereotype

kalıp yargı

fixed idea about a group

racism

ırkçılık

unfair treatment based on race

ethnocentrism

etnosentrizm

believing your culture is better

sexism

cinsiyetçilik

unfair treatment based on sex

ageism

yaş ayrımcılığı

unfair treatment based on age

elitism

seçkincilik

believing some people are better

chronocentrism

zamanmerkezcilik

believing people today are better

frame of reference

referans çerçevesi

personal experiences and views

credibility

güvenilirlik

quality of being trusted

ethos

güvenilirlik / karakter

speaker’s credibility

ethical

etik

morally right

offensive

rahatsız edici

insulting or upsetting

accurate

doğru

correct

emotional

duygusal

related to feelings

impact

etki

strong effect

hateful

nefret dolu

showing hate

belittle

küçümsemek

make someone seem unimportant

sensitive

hassas

aware of people’s feelings

demographic

demografik

about who people are

psychographic

psikografik

about what people think

situational

durumsal

about the situation

socioeconomic

sosyoekonomik

related to money/social position

income

gelir

money earned

wealth

servet

money and valuable property

occupation

meslek

job

prestige

itibar

respect/status

membership

üyelik

being a member

education

eğitim

learning or schooling

religion

din

system of beliefs

ethnicity

etnik köken

cultural group

marital status

medeni durum

married/single etc.

voluntary

gönüllü

done by choice

captive

zorunlu

required to attend

occasion

etkinlik / vesile

special event

setting

ortam

place and conditions

amplification

ses yükseltme

making sound louder

survey

anket

set of questions

interview

mülakat

conversation with questions

observation

gözlem

watching carefully

privacy

gizlilik

right to personal space/info

anonymous

anonim

without a name

participation

katılım

taking part

impression

izlenim

idea formed about someone

desirable

arzu edilen

wanted or preferred

enhancement

geliştirme

improvement

perception

algı

way something is understood

jargon

mesleki terim

specialized language

idiom

deyim

expression with special meaning

unfamiliar

yabancı / bilinmeyen

not known

assumption

varsayım

belief without enough proof

controversial

tartışmalı

causing disagreement

prejudice

önyargı

unfair opinion

convinced

ikna olmuş

believing something

interactive

etkileşimli

involving participation

flexible

esnek

able to change

English

Türkçe

Simple English

hearing

işitme

receiving sounds

listening

dinleme

actively understanding

focused

odaklanmış

concentrating

intentional

kasıtlı / amaçlı

done on purpose

effortless

zahmetsiz

requiring no effort

innate

doğuştan

natural from birth

attention

dikkat

focus

concentration

konsantrasyon

focused attention

attention span

dikkat süresi

time you can stay focused

noise

gürültü / engel

something interfering

physical noise

fiziksel gürültü

environmental distraction

psychological noise

psikolojik gürültü

mental distraction

physiological noise

fizyolojik gürültü

body-related distraction

semantic noise

anlamsal gürültü

confusion about words

distraction

dikkat dağıtıcı

something taking attention

bias

önyargı / yanlılık

unfair preexisting judgment

receiver bias

alıcı önyargısı

listener’s existing judgment

apprehension

endişe

fear or worry

receiver apprehension

dinleyici kaygısı

fear of not understanding

technical

teknik

specialized

process

işlemek / süreç

handle information

stage

aşama

step in a process

receive

almak

get information

understand

anlamak

know the meaning

remember

hatırlamak

keep in memory

evaluate

değerlendirmek

judge carefully

respond

cevap vermek

react or answer

formative

süreç içi

happening during

summative

sonuçla ilgili

happening at the end

critical

eleştirel

involving careful judgment

reasoning

akıl yürütme

logical thinking

evidence

kanıt

proof or support

fact

gerçek

information that can be proven

opinion

görüş

personal belief

assumption

varsayım

belief without proof

logical

mantıklı

making sense

fallacy

mantık hatası

error in reasoning

cause

neden

reason something happens

claim

iddia

statement saying something is true

common sense

sağduyu

practical judgment

relate

ilişkilendirmek

connect

familiar

tanıdık

well known

clarification

açıklama

making something clear

ethical listening

etik dinleme

respectful listening

interrupt

sözünü kesmek

stop someone speaking

respectful

saygılı

showing respect

English

Türkçe

Simple English

ethics

etik

ideas about right and wrong

intent

niyet

reason for doing something

means

yöntem

way of doing something

ends

sonuç

final result

purpose

amaç

reason for something

outcome

sonuç

final result

ethical decision

etik karar

morally responsible choice

manipulate

manipüle etmek

control unfairly

threaten

tehdit etmek

say you will harm

coerce

zorlamak

force someone

responsibility

sorumluluk

duty to do something

consequence

sonuç

result of an action

truthfulness

doğruluk

being truthful

honesty

dürüstlük

being honest

reason

mantık

logical thinking

expression

ifade

communication of ideas

conviction

güçlü inanç

strong belief

degrade

aşağılamak

treat as less important

distortion

çarpıtma

changing information

intimidation

korkutma

making someone afraid

violence

şiddet

physical force

intolerance

hoşgörüsüzlük

unwillingness to accept differences

privacy

mahremiyet

personal information/space

cite

kaynak göstermek

give source information

source

kaynak

place information comes from

credible

güvenilir

trustworthy

plagiarism

intihal

using others’ work as your own

quotation

alıntı

exact words from a source

paraphrase

yeniden ifade etmek

express an idea differently

credit

kaynak/itibar vermek

acknowledge someone

original

orijinal

first or real source

general knowledge

genel bilgi

widely known information

responsible

sorumlu

acting carefully

fair

adil

treating people equally

unethical

etik olmayan

morally wrong

English

Türkçe

Simple English

freedom

özgürlük

ability to act/speak freely

free speech

ifade özgürlüğü

freedom to express ideas

restriction

kısıtlama

limit

government

hükümet

governing authority

press

basın

news media

assembly

toplanma

gathering of people

petition

dilekçe / başvuru

formal request

mass communication

kitle iletişimi

communication to many people

media

medya

communication platforms

ownership

mülkiyet

having control/possession

deregulation

düzenlemelerin azaltılması

reducing regulations

regulation

düzenleme

official rule

merger

birleşme

two companies joining

consolidation

birleşme / yoğunlaşma

combining into fewer companies

convergence

yakınsama / birleşme

different technologies coming together

globalization

küreselleşme

worldwide connection

imperialism

emperyalizm

dominance over others

hybridity

melezleşme

mixing cultures

representation

temsil

showing a group/person

underrepresented

yeterince temsil edilmeyen

not shown enough

misrepresented

yanlış temsil edilen

shown inaccurately

portrayal

tasvir / gösterim

way someone is shown

social learning

sosyal öğrenme

learning by observing

literacy

okuryazarlık

ability to understand/use something

media literacy

medya okuryazarlığı

ability to analyze media

constructed

oluşturulmuş

deliberately created

selected

seçilmiş

chosen

edited

düzenlenmiş

changed during editing

purpose

amaç

reason

persuade

ikna etmek

convince

status quo

mevcut durum

existing situation

neutral

tarafsız

not taking sides

attitude

tutum

feeling/opinion

value

değer

important belief

stereotype

stereotip

fixed group idea

English

Türkçe

Simple English

hospitality

konaklama ve misafirperverlik sektörü

services for guests

tourism

turizm

traveling away from home

guest

misafir

person using a service

lodging

konaklama

place to stay

foodservice

yiyecek-içecek hizmeti

providing food and drinks

recreation

eğlence / dinlenme

activities for enjoyment

attraction

turistik cazibe

place people want to visit

front of the house

ön bölüm

guest-facing area

heart of the house

arka bölüm

behind-the-scenes area

front desk

resepsiyon

hotel reception

server

servis görevlisi

person serving food

bartender

barmen

person serving drinks

chef

şef

professional cook

purchaser

satın almacı

person who buys supplies

moment of truth

kritik misafir etkileşimi

important guest interaction

intangible

somut olmayan

cannot physically touch

inseparability

ayrılmazlık

produced and consumed together

perishability

dayanılamazlık

cannot be stored for later

variability

değişkenlik

service can differ

empowerment

yetkilendirme

giving employees authority

loyalty

sadakat

continuing to choose a business

professionalism

profesyonellik

professional behavior

reliable

güvenilir

can be trusted

competent

yetkin

having the needed skills

neat

düzenli / bakımlı

clean and tidy

cross-training

çapraz eğitim

training in different areas

career path

kariyer yolu

progression in a career

internship

staj

temporary work experience

résumé

özgeçmiş

document about your experience

networking

bağlantı kurma

building professional relationships

leadership

liderlik

ability to lead

sustainability

sürdürülebilirlik

protecting resources for the future

discrimination

ayrımcılık

unfair treatment

harassment

taciz

unwanted harmful behavior

reservation

rezervasyon

booking

review

yorum / değerlendirme

opinion about a service

technology

teknoloji

tools and systems

profit

kâr

money earned after costs

service

hizmet

work provided for a customer

experience

deneyim

what a guest feels/receives

amenity

olanak

extra facility/service

occupancy

doluluk

percentage of rooms sold

revenue

gelir

money earned

market share

pazar payı

part of the market

renovation

yenileme

updating a property

facility

tesis / olanak

building or service area

luxury

lüks

high quality and comfort

upscale

üst segment

high-quality

budget

ekonomik

low-cost

full-service

tam hizmetli

offering many services

extended-stay

uzun süreli konaklama

designed for long stays

transient

kısa süreli

staying briefly

destination

destinasyon

place people travel to

seasonality

mevsimsellik

changes by season

staffing

personel planlaması

providing enough workers

competition

rekabet

businesses competing

franchise

franchise

business using another brand

franchisor

franchise veren

company owning the brand

franchisee

franchise alan

person/company using the brand

management contract

yönetim sözleşmesi

agreement to operate a hotel

referral association

yönlendirme birliği

independent hotels working together

REIT

gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklığı

company investing in real estate

feasibility study

fizibilite çalışması

study of whether a project can work

demand

talep

desire/need for something

supply

arz

amount available

competition

rekabet

competing businesses

average daily rate

günlük ortalama oda fiyatı

average room price

mixed-use

karma kullanımlı

combining different property types

boutique

butik

small and unique

condominium

kat mülkiyetli konut

individually owned unit

economic impact

ekonomik etki

effect on the economy

direct impact

doğrudan etki

immediate economic effect

indirect impact

dolaylı etki

secondary economic effect

multiplier effect

çarpan etkisi

money creating more economic activity

classification

sınıflandırma

grouping by type

rating

derecelendirme

quality level

diamond

elmas derecesi

AAA rating symbol

star

yıldız

Forbes rating symbol

economy

ekonomik segment

basic low-cost hotel

midscale

orta segment

moderately priced

upper midscale

üst orta segment

above midscale

luxury

lüks segment

highest-quality segment

independent

bağımsız

not part of a chain

corporate

şirket tarafından işletilen

owned/managed by company

quasi-chain

yarı zincir

between chain and independent

resort

tatil köyü / resort

destination for recreation

airport hotel

havaalanı oteli

hotel near an airport

freeway

otoyol

major highway

casino

kumarhane

gaming facility

convention

kongre

large organized event

ballroom

balo salonu

large event room

banquet

ziyafet

large formal meal

catering

catering hizmeti

providing food for events

concierge

concierge

guest assistance employee

housekeeping

kat hizmetleri

hotel cleaning service

timeshare

devre mülk

shared vacation ownership

vacation ownership

tatil mülkiyeti

ownership of vacation property

exchange

değiş tokuş

trading one thing for another

points

puanlar

units used for bookings

maintenance

bakım

keeping something in good condition

waste

atık

unwanted material

recycling

geri dönüşüm

processing used materials

conservation

tasarruf / koruma

careful use of resources

efficient

verimli

using resources well

resource

kaynak

useful supply

energy

enerji

power used

water consumption

su tüketimi

amount of water used

low-flow

düşük akışlı

using less water

occupancy rate

doluluk oranı

percentage of rooms occupied

market segment

pazar segmenti

specific customer group

brand recognition

marka bilinirliği

ability to recognize a brand

advertising

reklam

promoting a product/service

purchasing

satın alma

buying goods/services

standards

standartlar

expected level of quality

agreement

anlaşma

formal arrangement

ownership

mülkiyet

having legal control

shareholder

hissedar

person owning company shares

investment

yatırım

money put into something

property

mülk

building/land

developer

geliştirici

person/company developing property

market demand

pazar talebi

customer need

occupancy

doluluk

rooms being used

profitability

kârlılık

ability to make profit

expansion

genişleme

becoming larger

recognition

tanınırlık

being known

individuality

özgünlük

being different

personalized

kişiselleştirilmiş

designed for an individual

anticipate

önceden tahmin etmek

expect before it happens

guest satisfaction

misafir memnuniyeti

how happy guests are