Chapter 2, Part 2

Page 1: Introduction

• Document compiles information on the Royal Government in New France by Jennifer Lozyk.

Page 2: Challenges Faced

• Quote: "It’s just too tough, man!"

• 100 Associates failed to deploy settlers in New France, impacting company profits.

• There is a lack of interest in migrating to New France.

Page 3: Factors Affecting Migration

• Difficulties:

  • Distance: Too far away from established territories.

  • Climate: Long, cold winters deter settlers.

  • Enemies: Presence of English rivals and threats from the Iroquois Indians.

  • Reaction: Concerns of vulnerability among settlers.

Page 4: Geopolitical Concerns

• British expansion poses a threat, as it allows for potential attacks on New France.

• Population dispersal due to fur trade leads to vulnerabilities in defense against enemies.

• Emotion: Fear of losing control over New France.

Page 5: Introduction to French Regime

• Document created by Jenni Lozyk, highlighting the Royal Government.

Page 6: Structure of Royal Government

• Overview: The King replaced the Company of 100 Associates with a royal oversight.

• Key Roles:

  • Minister of the Marine: Responsible for colonial affairs.

  • Governor: Holds absolute power; citizens hold none.

  • Intendant: Manages the economy and population.

• Militia: Local defense forces.

Page 7: Sovereign Council

• Composition: Consists of three main officials:

  • Governor: Represents the King.

  • Intendant: Oversees economic factors.

  • Bishop: Represents the Church.

• Loyalty: Nobility shows loyalty to the King by taking an oath.

Page 8: Role of Governor Frontenac

• Purpose: Sent by the King to represent monarchy in New France.

• Responsibility: Defend and manage the colony’s affairs.

Page 9: Role of the Intendant

• Full Name: Jean Talon, known as the original "JT".

• Duties: Focuses on populating the colony and managing finances.

Page 10: Role of the Bishop

• Appointment: Chosen by the Pope to represent the Catholic Church.

• Historical Context: During earlier times, the monarchy and Church worked in tandem.

• Specific Figure: Bishop Laval played a key role in the colony.

Page 11: Gallicanism

• Belief: The monarch's authority surpasses that of the Pope.

• Quote: "King = Monarch; I believe ze King should have more power than ze Pope!"

• Bishop Laval's influence during 1658-1708.

Page 12: Document Continuation

• Compiled by Jennifer Lozyk; focuses on aspects of Catholicism.

Page 13: Catholicism in New France

• Status: Only religion practiced in New France.

• Significance: Central to colonist life, embodying King’s version of a perfect France.

Page 14: Role of Nuns and Health

• Nuns at Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal cared for the sick in church-based hospitals.

• Established in 1659, they played a crucial role in healthcare.

• Visual: Anonymous painting from around 1710 depicting their work.

Page 15: Education

• Oversight: The Church was responsible for educating youth, including French and First Nations children.

Page 16: Missionary Work

• Objective: Missionaries aimed to convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity.

• Quote: "I’m trying to save your souls, guys! S’ all good. You’ll thank me later."

Page 17: Operation and Establishment

• Leader: Operation headed by de Maisonneuve, establishing Ville Marie.

• Goal: To convert Indigenous people to Christianity.

Page 18: Alcohol Trade Issues

• Impact on Trade: Alcohol trade affected Indigenous productivity in the fur trade.

• Church’s Stance: Bishop condemned alcohol trade with Indigenous as sinful, punishable by death.

• Prohibition: Sale of brandy was banned by the Church.