Second Quarter Cognitive Evaluation Comprehensive Study Guide

Second Quarter Cognitive Evaluation Comprehensive Study Guide

Evaluation Overview

  • Format: 100 questions

  • Time Allotted: 120 minutes

  • Passing Score: Minimum of 72%

  • Source: All material from the textbook

Chapter 01: EMS Systems (pgs. 2-29)

  • Medical Direction: Understand how the medical direction operates within an EMS system and the EMT's role in this process.

  • Effective Verbal Communication: Discuss techniques for clear communication.

  • Communications Equipment: Describe basic principles and effectiveness of various equipment used in EMS.

  • Radio Procedures: Know the correct procedures for radio communication during:

    • Initial receipt of call

    • En route to call

    • Arrival at hospital

    • Return to service

  • EMS Agenda 2050: Explain guiding principles.

  • Patient Care Orders: Importance of providing complete information to physicians.

  • Oral Report: Key elements to include.

  • Standing Orders: Understand when to follow these orders.

Chapter 05: Medical Terminology (pgs. 164-188)

  • Body Positions: Define prone, supine, Fowler, and semi-Fowler positions.

  • Medical Terms: Break down term meanings using root words, prefixes, and suffixes.

  • Directional Terms: Describe anterior, posterior, right, left, superior, inferior, proximal, distal, medial, lateral, superficial, deep, and define "bilateral."

Chapter 06: The Human Body (pgs. 189-252)

  • Skeletal System: Identify basic anatomy and physiology.

  • Respiratory System: Discuss anatomy and physiology.

  • Circulatory System: Understand anatomy and locate pulse points.

  • Blood Pressure (BP): Explain what BP measures.

  • Involuntary Muscle Actions: Describe causes of contraction and relaxation.

  • Types of Shock: Know different types and causes.

  • Key Definitions: Define pathophysiology and anaerobic metabolism.

  • Heart Rates: Recognize normal ranges for adults and infants.

Chapter 07: Life Span Development (pgs. 253-272)

  • Adolescent Characteristics: Physical and psychosocial traits.

  • Older Adult Characteristics: Key characteristics and diabetes prevalence with age.

  • Infants: Define belly breathing.

Chapter 08: Lifting and Moving Patients (pgs. 273-318)

  • Patient Moving Considerations: Discuss safe techniques for moving patients.

  • Urgent Moves: Identify situations requiring rapid extrication.

  • Patient-Moving Equipment: Explain the use of specialized equipment like bariatric stretchers and neonatal isolettes.

Chapter 09: The Team Approach to Health Care (pgs. 319-336)

  • Patient Care Transfer Elements: List five key elements.

  • Communication in Teams: Explain effective communication methods.

  • Team Essentials: Identify the five essential elements of a team.

Chapter 10: Patient Assessment (pgs. 337-414)

  • Mechanism of Injury (MOI) and Nature of Illness (NOI): Importance of differentiating trauma from medical patients.

  • Breathing Status Assessment: Key points EMTs must check.

  • External Bleeding: Discuss assessment and control methods.

  • Life-Threatening Conditions: Steps for identifying and treating.

  • Primary Assessment Steps: List steps for trauma patients.

  • Spinal Protection: Importance during patient transport.

  • Pertinent Negative: Define and give examples.

  • Focused History: Process and its relevance to primary assessment.

  • Reassessment Importance: Describe importance and steps.

  • Blood Pressure Indications: What a decrease may indicate.

  • Respiratory Distress Signs: List signs and symptoms.

  • Pulse Assessment in Infants/Children: Techniques to obtain a pulse.

  • CTC Assessment: Key findings to monitor patient status.

Chapter 11: Airway Management (pgs. 415-492)

  • Breathing Physiology: Discuss how breathing works.

  • Jaw-Thrust Maneuver: Describe performance method.

  • Airway Use: Reasons for nasal/oral airway use.

  • Oxygen Storage and Hazards: Basics about storage and risks.

  • Nonrebreather Mask: Understand flow requirements.

  • Foreign Body Airway Obstruction: Recognition and care strategies.

  • Oxygen Delivery Devices: Comparison of delivery rates.

  • Suctioning Techniques: Importance and methods.

  • Ventilation Techniques: Perform and explain mouth-to-mouth/mouth-to-mask ventilation.

Chapter 12: Principles of Pharmacology (pgs. 493-528)

  • Pharmacologic Terms: Define pharmacodynamics, therapeutic effects, indications, adverse effects.

  • Opioid Overdose: Signs, symptoms, treatments.

  • Medication Name Differences: Generic vs. trade; provide examples.

  • Routes of Administration: Describe various routes and absorption rates.

  • Medications for EMTs: Know specifics about administration by EMTs per protocols.

  • Medication Errors: Steps to rectify issues.

  • Mucosal Atomizer Device: Usage and definition.

  • Medication Rights: Explain rights for usage.

  • Forms and Routes: Describe solid, liquid, gas forms and their routes.

  • Auto Injector: Steps for dispensing medications.

Chapter 14: BLS Resuscitation (pgs. 555-602)

  • CPR Goals: Explain when CPR should be performed.

  • Airway Opening Techniques: Adult methods and usage circumstances.

  • Impedance Threshold Device: Understand usage conditions.

  • AED Guidelines: Circumstances requiring AED for adults/peds.

  • Stopping CPR Decisions: Factors to consider.

  • Resuscitation Ethics: Discuss ethical considerations with examples.

  • Airway Obstruction Causes: Common causes in different populations.

Chapter 15: Medical Overview (pgs. 603-626)

  • Medical Emergency Assessment: Discuss assessment techniques.

  • Transport Time Importance: Discuss impact on patient outcomes.

  • Psychiatric Conditions: Identify common types.

  • Signs of Respiratory Distress: Recognize physical indicators.

  • General Impression Formation: Factors to consider.

Chapter 16: Respiratory Emergencies (pgs. 627-674)

  • Respiration Physiology: Explain normal respiration signs.

  • Respiratory Conditions: Discuss dyspnea causes and management (COPD, Asthma, CHF, emphysema).

  • Assessment Findings: Relate findings to patient management decisions.

  • Emergency Care: Primary care for respiratory distress patients.

  • Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Indications and administration details.

  • Pulmonary Edema Causes: Contrast acute and chronic.

  • Anaphylaxis: Causes and characteristics.

Chapter 17: Cardiovascular Emergencies (pgs. 675-722)

  • Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology: Discuss basics.

  • Pathophysiology: Focus on atherosclerosis and CHF.

  • Aspirin/Nitroglycerin: Indications, contraindications, side effects.

  • AED Operation: Procedures for use.

  • Post-AED Care: Steps after delivery of shocks.

  • LVAD Functionality: Evaluating patients with LVAD.

  • Angina vs. AMI: Definitions and differentiations.

  • Cardiac Arrest Protocol: Not all patients require shocks; procedures.

Chapter 18: Neurologic Emergencies (pgs. 723-754)

  • Headache Types: Identify and distinguish between types.

  • Stroke Care: Treatment and transport considerations.

  • Cerebrovascular Accidents: Discuss blood flow interruptions.

  • Stroke Types: Compare ischemic vs hemorrhagic strokes.

  • Stroke Signs: General symptoms and definitions.

  • Seizures: Recognizing and managing seizure symptoms.

  • Altered Mental Status: Define causes and assessment methods.

  • Stroke Assessment Tools: Utilize tools effectively.

Chapter 19: Gastrointestinal and Urologic Emergencies (pgs. 755-776)

  • Pathologic Conditions: Discuss conditions in gastrointestinal/genital/urinary systems.

  • Assessment Techniques: Identify patient assessment strategies for emergencies.

  • Anatomy and Physiology: Basics of involved systems.

  • Shock Management: Procedures for abdominal emergencies.

  • Conditions: Symptoms of cholecystitis, appendicitis, pancreatitis.

  • Dialysis Care: Prehospital care for missed kidney dialysis.

Chapter 20: Endocrine and Hematologic Emergencies (pgs. 777-802)

  • Diabetic Emergencies: Compare hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic traits (onset, symptoms).

  • Types of Diabetes: Differentiate between types and presentations.

  • Emergency Care for Diabetes: Manage altered status patients.

  • Blood Clotting Disorders: Discuss types and their management.

  • Insulin/Glucose Functions: Explain body processes.

Chapter 21: Allergy and Anaphylaxis (pgs. 803-820)

  • Allergy Stimuli: List categories causing allergic reactions.

  • Assessment Differences: Local vs systemic allergic reactions.

  • Emergency Care for Allergic Reactions: Review key care processes.

  • Epinephrine Administration: Guidelines and decision-making.

  • Anaphylaxis Response Timing: Emphasize rapid intervention necessity.

Chapter 22: Toxicology (pgs. 821-852)

  • Overdose Assessment: Discuss procedures for suspected cases.

  • Scene Safety: Considerations for hazardous materials.

  • Toxin Types: Identify main types and their impacts.

  • Plant Poisoning: Assessment and treatment protocols.

  • Activated Charcoal: Function explanation.

  • Chemical Exposure: Brush vs. flush guidelines.

Chapter 23: Behavioral Health Emergencies (pgs. 853-880)

  • Safety Considerations: Identify key persons in unsafe scenes.

  • Excited Delirium: Care specifics.

  • Care Principles: Guidelines for agitated or violent patients.

  • Suicide Risk Indicators: Recognition and management techniques.

Chapter 24: Gynecologic Emergencies (pgs. 881-898)

  • Gynecologic Emergency Care: Management discussion.

  • Sexual Assault Assessment: Specific findings and protocols.

  • Illegal Drugs: Common street names awareness.

  • Sexual Assault Indicators: Signs of assault recognition.

  • Genital Injuries: Discuss seriousness and treatments.

  • Gonorrhea Symptoms: Identification and management.