Diffusion and Equilibrium Concepts

DITTUSIVII: Diffusion and Equilibrium

Introduction to Diffusion

• Definition of Diffusion:
  • Diffusion is defined as "the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration".

Concentration Gradient

• Concentration:
  • Refers to the amount of a substance per unit volume.
• Movement in Relation to Concentration:
  • When there is a difference in concentration of a substance across a membrane, molecules will move from the side with a higher concentration to the side with a lower concentration.

Equilibrium

• Achieving Equilibrium:
  • Diffusion typically continues until the concentration of a substance is equal on both sides of the membrane, a state known as equilibrium.

Practical Example: Red Dye in Water

• Illustration of Diffusion:
  • Consider an example using a red dye introduced into water on one side of the membrane.
  • Molecules of the dye and water will diffuse through the membrane in both directions.
  • This process continues until there are equal concentrations of both water and dye on either side of the membrane, achieving equilibrium.

Visual Reference

• Figure 12:
  • Compare the diagrams that depict the movement of molecules across the membrane illustrating the concept of diffusion.
  • It should show the initial disparity in concentration and the eventual equal distribution at equilibrium.