Rizal and the Development of Filipino Nationalism

Rizal and the Development of Filipino Nationalism

  • A textbook on the life, works, and writings of the national hero, authored by Carlito D. Garcia, Augusto V. De Viana, and Cynthia B. Cruz. Copyright 2015, ISBN 978-621-409-009-9.
  • All rights reserved, with no reproduction allowed without permission from the authors and publisher, Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.

Preface

  • An attempt to provide relevant literature for teaching Rizal's life, works, and writings as mandated by Republic Act No. 1425 (Rizal Law).
  • Aims to make college students and readers aware of Rizal's ideals and sacrifices in pursuit of Filipino nationhood.
  • Designed as a college textbook for a three-unit course.
  • Consists of 21 chapters with review questions and exercises to facilitate understanding and critical thinking.
  • Chapter 1: Introduces the rationale for studying Rizal and discusses issues on his heroism.
  • Chapter 2: Discusses 19th-century world developments (nationalism, liberalism, industrial revolution, imperialism, science, and progress) and their influence on Rizal.
  • Chapter 3: Examines Spain and the Philippines in the 19th century.
  • Chapter 4: Focuses on the dawn of Filipino nationalism and the events that ushered in the development of Filipino national consciousness.
  • Chapter 5: Highlights Rizal's childhood years in Calamba and the factors that influenced his formation.
  • Chapter 6: Probes Rizal's preparation for secondary schooling at a village school in Biñan, Laguna.
  • Chapter 7: Discusses Rizal's formal search for knowledge at Ateneo Municipal and his transformation.
  • Chapter 8: Recounts Rizal?s pursuit of higher education at the Dominican University of the Philippines, as well as his triumphs and failures shaped his identity as a learner and as an individual.
  • Chapter 9: Accounts of Rizal?s first journey abroad and subsequent entry into Spain, as well as his gradual immersion into the Propaganda Movement in Madrid.
  • Chapter 10: Centers on Rizal?s travel into France and Germany in order to specialize in ophthalmology and at the same time, observe and study and observation of government, laws and customs of these European states.
  • Chapter 12: Explores the reasons behind Rizal's first homecoming after years of sojourn to Europe and the unforeseen consequences of his homecoming, with emphasis on Rizal?s annotation of Morga?s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.
  • Chapter 13: Narrates and analyzes Rizal's second journey to Europe, experiences and observations of Hong Kong, Japan, United States of America en route to Europe for the second time
  • Chapter 14: Highlights Rizal?s legacy to young Filipino women from Calamba, through his letter to the Young Women of Malolos.
  • Chapter 15: Considers the transformation of Rizal into a visionary journalist as he moved from Paris to Brussels, featuring two essays, Sobre La Indolencia de los Filipinos (On The Indolence of the Filipinos) and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aflos (The Philippines A Century Hence).
  • Chapter 16: Centers on the misfortunes Rizal experienced in Madrid from 1890 to 91, failure to seek justice for his family; aborted duel with Antonio Luna; the duel with Retana; the marriage of Leonor Rivera and his break with Del Pilar.
  • Chapter 17: Is all about El Filibusterismo, Rizal?s second novel. Detailed anatomy of a revolution that failed, with focus on the symbolical interpretation of the Fili; Rizal?s message in this novel; his concept of independence; his transformation from being a propagandist to a separatist.
  • Chapter 18: Delves into circumstances and developments that triggered Rizal to finally return to the Philippines, and his deportation to Dapitan. Also plans and projects Rizal decided to undertake after retirement from the Propaganda Movement, such as the Borneo colonization project; and organization of the La Liga Filipina.
  • Chapter 19: Zeroes in on Rizal?s life as an exile, where he was able to demonstrate practical nationalism on the basis of his community leadership in Dapitan, religious debates with Fr. Pastells, his affair with Josephine Bracken, and his accomplishments as an exile in Dapitan.
  • Chapter 20: An exposition of the other developments in the life of Rizal, while he was an exile in Dapitan, and how these affected his decision to volunteer as a medical surgeon in the Spanish Army in Cuba in 1896 and his failure to run a race against the revolution spearheaded by the Katipunan.
  • Chapter 21: Looks closely on Rizal?s mistrial by the military court resulting into his martyrdom at Bagumbayan. Other topics included are his Mi Ultimo Adios and the issue on whether Rizal died a Catholic or a mason.
  • Expresses hope that college students will imbibe Rizal's values: love of country, education, unity, progress, respect, love of parents, moral excellence, leadership, and human dignity.
  • Aims for students to realize the validity and relevance of Rizal's ideals and pay tribute to his heroism.
  • Acknowledgements to Sid and Rey Garcia, Mrs. Bella Duclayna-Garcia, Prof. Mercedita Fajardo, colleagues in JRU, local and foreign biographers, librarians, and JESUS CHRIST.

Table of Contents

  • Covers the topics in the life, works, and writings of Rizal.
  • Included are:
    • Introduction to Rizal's life, works, and writings.
      • Rizal Law, the teaching of Rizal, defining Rizal as a true Filipino hero and Asian nationalist leader, and major periods in his life(1-10).
    • The 19th-century world of Jose Rizal.
      • Growth and development of nationalism and democracy, the Industrial Revolution, optimism and confidence in progress (11-15).
    • Spain and the Philippines in the 19th century.
      • Spain in the 19th century, the Philippines during Rizal's time, administrative organization, social structure, the educational system, and the economic situation (16-29).
    • The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism discusses unification of the Philippines, resistance to Spanish rule, the rise of Filipino nationalism, and the opening of the Philippines to world commerce (33-39).
    • Rizal and His Childhood Years at Calamba (43-51).
      • Calamba, birth of Rizal, ancestry, childhood memories, talents, injustice, and preparations for schooling.
    • Formal Schooling at a Village School in Biñan(55-59).
      • Rizal moves to Bifiatd, academic instruction, life at Bifian, end of schooling, and the educational system in the village school.
      • Formal Search for Knowledge at Ateneo Municipal (61-71).
      • Enrollment, the Atenean system of education, academic performance, extra-curricular activities, literary works, and influences of schooling.
    • Rizal at the Dominican University of the Philippines (73-81).
      • Enrollment, academic performance, the rise of liberalism among students, important literally works, student activism, the first taste of Spanish Brutality and decision to go to Europe
    • Rizal in Peninsular Spain (85-95).
      • Secret departure, itinerary, Barcelona, El Amor Patrio, Filipino expatriates, joining masonry, affair with Consuelo, toast to Luna and Hidalgo, Dofia Teodora?s reactions.
    • Rizal in France and Germany (97-103).
      • Paris, Heidelberg, A Las Flores del Heidelberg, Wilhelmsfeld, correspondence with Blumentritt, Leipzig and Dresden, Berlin.
    • Noli Me Tangere: A Diagnosis of Filipino Society (105-119).
      • Proposal, ideas, writing, plot, characters, Filipino society as pictured, Rizal's diagnosis of society, the Noli as a charter of nationalism, First Reactions,attacks and defenses of theNoli MeTangere
    • TheFirstHomecoming (123-133).
      • Rizal and Viola, In Leitmeritz, In Prague, In Vienna, In Lintz and Rheinfall, In Switzerland,Italy, Germany & Berlin, Plan to Return to the Philippines arriveand Back to Calamba Terrero Summoned Rizal to Mabacatian Calamba Agrarian Problem, Reaction to Mass Eviction and Rizal Leaves Calamba for the Second Time
    • From Calamba to Europefor these Second Time (137-145).
      • R,Hong Kong, Japan and US, Founding of Asociacion Short Visit to Paris and Madrid . LaSolidaridad and Other Writings in London
    • Rizal?s Legacy to Young Filipino Women (149-155).
      • young Woman s of Malolos. Rizal' ;s Message toFilipino Women
    • The Visionary Journalist to Paris and Brussels (159-171).
      • Synthesizing Historical Materials About the Philippines, the Exposition of 1889, Other Activities and Accomplishments in Paris, Sobre La Indolencia delos Filipino y Filipinas Rizal in Brussels.
    • The Resolute Propagandist Abdicates Leadership (175-181).
      • Rizal Seeks Justice For His Family, The Death of Jose Maria Panganiban,Luna andA Duel with Retana The News About the Marriage of Leonor Rivera and Back To Paris and Brussels Once More
    • El Filibusterismo: A Revolution that Failed (183-193).
      • A Comparison of the Noli ard Fili Synopsis of the Fili Symbolical InterpretationOfR 4 the Filic | 4Messageof afterthe Fi
    • Back to HongKong and thePhilippines (197-205):
      • Lifem Hong Kong, Politics, The Borneo. Colonization Project and RizalLays Down the Basis of the La Liga Filipina The Decision to Return to the Philippine)
    • Practical Nationalismin Dapitt (209-219):
      • Leadership in Dapitan-Pastells Debate on Religion .and AccomplishmentsAs An Exile-Pastells Debate on Religion
    • Chapter 20= Rizal and the Revolution Of 1896 ……+sssssssssssssssesessscrsesrsessnscneasscerererensseness 225, *225