Pronouns and Verb Types in Sign Language

Pronouns Overview

  • Last week's focus was on personal pronouns.

  • Discussion includes a student's consultation request and email confusion, specifically about Shania Wahi and communication through a messaging center.

Nonmanual Pronouns

  • Introduction to nonmanual pronouns, emphasizing the articulation of pronouns without hand gestures.

  • Definition of nonmanual articulators:

    • Refers to body parts other than hands used to articulate meaning in sign language.

    • Examples include: lips, eyes, tongue.

  • Usage of nonmanual pronouns:

    • Typically used in reference to third-person pronouns without the individual being referred to being aware.

    • Examples of articulation:

    • Lip pointing: Extending lips in the direction of a person to indicate them without using hands.

    • Eye gazing: Looking towards the individual being discussed.

    • Tongue sticking out: Briefly extending the tongue towards the referent.

  • Cultural reference to Caribbean gestures used when discussing others, like pointing towards a distant person.

Fingertip Pronouns

  • Introduction to fingertip pronouns (also known as ordinal tip loci):

    • When using fingertips to refer back to previously mentioned individuals in sign language.

    • Listing entities: Using fingertips to enumerate people or things, and then referring back by pointing to those fingertips.

  • Example process to create fingertip pronouns:

    • Assign each fingertip a name in the context of a discussion (e.g., listing student leaders).

    • When referencing a fingertip again, it becomes a pronoun indicating that specific person.

  • Steps for creating fingertip pronouns:

    1. Assign a handshape corresponding to the items being listed.

    2. Reference back to the fingertip to convey additional information about the entity associated with that fingertip.

  • Clarifications on how to establish the noun before the fingertip in conversations, akin to how pronouns work in English.

Directionality and Verb Types

  • Directional verbs:

    • Definition: Verbs that use movement to indicate agreement between subject and object.

    • Example verbs include tell and give where:

    • Starting point indicates the subject.

    • Ending point indicates the object.

  • Discussion on whether certain verbs can be classified as plain verbs or directional verbs depending on their context and usage.

  • Palm orientation verbs:

    • Verbs that mark agreement through the orientation of the palm (the back of the hand faces the subject, while the palm faces the object).

    • Examples include expressions of hate or love, with context depending on orientation.

  • Locative verbs:

    • Uses specific locations to denote where an action occurs (e.g., pain in a specific body part).

  • Summary of how movement and directionality impact the meaning of verbs, especially in distinguishing between plain, directional, and palm orientation verbs.

Tense and Temporal Expression

  • Utilization of temporal expressions to indicate tense which include signs for past (ago), present (now), and future (tomorrow).

  • Importance of placing temporal expressions at the beginning or end of sentences for clarity in tense marking.

  • Discussion on how to translate sentences incorporating tense and different time markers into sign language.

Classroom Environment and Testing

  • Clarifications given on the upcoming receptive skills test, its structure, and expectations regarding camera usage and test environment.

  • Formatting details for upcoming exams, emphasizing the need for adherence to the structured timeframes and proper conduct during the assessments.

  • Guidelines for class access, including monitoring during tests and how to manage requests for different examination times or batches.

  • Dialogue on bilingualism in sign language and the importance of understanding both Jamaican Sign Language and English for effective communication within the educational framework.