Medical Terminology and Arithmetic Calculations Review

Root Words:

1. Cardi
   • Definition: Pertaining to the heart.
   • Medical term: Cardiology
2. Derm
   • Definition: Pertaining to the skin.
   • Medical term: Dermatology
3. Neuro
   • Definition: Pertaining to the nerves.
   • Medical term: Neurology

Prefixes:

1. Brady-
   • Definition: Slow
   • Medical term: Bradycardia
2. Tachy-
   • Definition: Fast
   • Medical term: Tachycardia
3. Hyper-
   • Definition: Excessive, above normal
   • Medical term: Hypertension

Suffixes:

1. -itis
   • Definition: Inflammation
   • Medical term: Dermatitis
2. -ectomy
   • Definition: Surgical removal
   • Medical term: Hysterectomy
3. -ology
   • Definition: Study of
   • Medical term: Biology

Arithmetic Calculations:

1. Addition:
   • Patient A needs two medications: Medication X (250 mg) and Medication Y (150 mg). Calculate the total dosage of medication to be administered.
   • Calculation: $250 \text{ mg} + 150 \text{ mg} = 400 \text{ mg}$
2. Subtraction:
   • Patient B was prescribed 500 ml of IV fluids. After one hour, you notice that 200 ml has been infused. Calculate the remaining amount of IV fluid to be administered.
   • Calculation: $500 \text{ ml} - 200 \text{ ml} = 300 \text{ ml}$
3. Multiplication:
   • Patient C requires 3 doses of 10 mg of Medication Z each day for 7 days. Calculate the total amount of Medication Z needed for the entire week.
   • Calculation: $3 \text{ doses/day} \times 10 \text{ mg/dose} \times 7 \text{ days} = 210 \text{ mg}$
4. Division:
   • Patient D's medication needs to be divided into four equal doses. The total amount prescribed is 200 mg. Calculate the amount for each dose.
   • Calculation: $\frac{200 \text{ mg}}{4 \text{ doses}} = 50 \text{ mg/dose}$
5. Fractions:
   • Patient E needs a medication that comes in 1/4 (one-fourth) teaspoon doses. If the doctor prescribes 3/4 (three-fourths) teaspoon, how many doses should the patient take?
   • Calculation: $\frac{3/4}{1/4} = 3 \text{ doses}$
6. Decimals:
   • Patient F is prescribed 0.5 grams of a medication. Convert this dosage into milligrams (Note: 1 gram = 1000 milligrams).
   • Calculation: $0.5 \text{ grams} \times 1000 \frac{\text{milligrams}}{\text{gram}} = 500 \text{ milligrams}$
7. Proportions and Ratios:
   • Patient G's medication needs to be mixed in a solution. The prescribed ratio is 1 part medication to 5 parts water. If you need to prepare 30 ml of the solution, calculate how much medication and water are needed.
   • Calculation:
     • Medication: $\frac{1}{1+5} \times 30 \text{ ml} = \frac{1}{6} \times 30 \text{ ml} = 5 \text{ ml}$
     • Water: $\frac{5}{1+5} \times 30 \text{ ml} = \frac{5}{6} \times 30 \text{ ml} = 25 \text{ ml}$

Measurements and Conversions:

1. Micro to Kilo:
   • Convert the following measurements:
     1. 500 micrograms ($\mu$g) to milligrams (mg)
        • Calculation: $500 \, \mu\text{g} \times \frac{1 \text{ mg}}{1000 \, \mu\text{g}} = 0.5 \text{ mg}$
     2. 2 milligrams (mg) to grams (g)
        • Calculation: $2 \text{ mg} \times \frac{1 \text{ g}}{1000 \text{ mg}} = 0.002 \text{ g}$
     3. 3 kilograms (kg) to grams (g)
        • Calculation: $3 \text{ kg} \times \frac{1000 \text{ g}}{1 \text{ kg}} = 3000 \text{ g}$
2. Common Household Measurements:
   • Convert the following common household measurements:
     1. 1 teaspoon (tsp) to milliliters (ml) (Note: 1 tsp = 5 ml)
        • Calculation: $1 \text{ tsp} \times 5 \frac{\text{ml}}{\text{tsp}} = 5 \text{ ml}$
     2. 2 tablespoons (tbsp) to milliliters (ml) (Note: 1 tbsp = 15 ml)
        • Calculation: $2 \text{ tbsp} \times 15 \frac{\text{ml}}{\text{tbsp}} = 30 \text{ ml}$
     3. 1 cup to milliliters (ml) (Note: 1 cup = 240 ml)
        • Calculation: $1 \text{ cup} \times 240 \frac{\text{ml}}{\text{cup}} = 240 \text{ ml}$