2022 Late Medieval SG

Here are the terms from the Anglo-Norman / Late Medieval Introduction that I'd like you to know for the test.

3 Key Romance Cycles - Charlemagne (French), Trojan Wars (Roman), Arthurian Stories (British)

Viking = Pirate - to emphasize that viking isn't a name but more of a term

Norman Conquest / Battle of Hastings / Edward, Harold, & William - Edward was the king of England who died without an heir. Harold and William (the Bastard) fought for the throne in the Norman Conquest and the Battle of Hastings which changed the English language to include aspects of French, Latin, and Celtic (1066)

Geoffrey of Monmouth - writer of The History of the Kings of Britain

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle written at the Monastery of Peterborough; witness to the changes taking place in the English language and see Norman rule from an English POV

Dante - writer of the Divine Comedy

Chaucer - writer of the Canterbury Tales

Petrarch -  writer of the Poet Laureate

Alliterative Revival  - (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) defining feature of the French model of poetry, emphasizes alliteration rather than rhyme.

“Pearl Writer” - writer of Gawain and the Green Knight

War of the Roses - Lancasters vs Yorks, leads to Tudor Dynasty when Henry VII (Lancaster) married Elizabeth of York

Mystery Plays - plays that cities produced whose stories were based on biblical stories and were often a part of a cycle or sequence of tales

Morality Plays - plays of original creation examining the interplay of personified virtues and vices fighting over a Christian's soul

Thomas Malory - the English writer who "gave definitive form in English to the legend of King Arthur” (wrote the book “Morte Darthur”)

William Caxton - the printer of the Morte Darthur

  1. Everyman

    1. Memento Mori

        1. remember death 2. What is the moral of Everyman?

        1. “All things faileth but God alone” 3. In Everyman, explain God’s complaint, “How that all creatures be to me unkind, /Living without dread in worldly propriety.”

        1. How does the play suggest that God’s justice is, in fact, an example of His mercy?

           1. God wants to save Everyman before he falls any further. God is saying Everyman should die now before his sin gets any worse 4. Everyman tries four times to get out of dying or soften the blow of his death. List them.

        1. Bribery? 2. More time? 3. May I return? 4. May I bring someone? 5. In what matters are Everyman and Fellowship friends?

        1. They are only friends but only in sport and play and not serious so he won't die for everyman 6. Why doesn’t Fellowship go through death with Everyman?

        1. Indeed, Fellowship refuses to go after first promising that “For, in faith, and thou go to hell, I will not forsake thee by the way!” This is literary exaggeration, the term for which is?

           1. Hyperbole 7. What message is given to the audience with the words used to describe Goods?

        1. The words that Goods uses describe material wealth which piles up high in mountains and gets locked away in chests. It also is in sacks but does not move hastily. 8. In what matters can Goods help Everyman?

        1. Earthly matters. 9. Why is this useless to Everyman?

        1. They don’t help in Heaven

  1. Goods repeats a question Death had asked Everyman. What was it? What’s it mean?

        1. They ask Everyman if he thinks his life and possessions are owned by him. They tell him that these things are only lent to him

  1. What are the “two loves” to which Goods alludes?

        1. Love of God and His glory and love of material possessions

  1. Why is Good Deeds too weak to go with Everyman?

        1. He's too weak bc of everyman’s sins

  1. What is ironic about Strength’s argument that having helped Judas Maccabeus, surely he could help Everyman?

        1. Because Judas Maccabeus was called “The Hammer” and had physical strength where Everyman needs spiritual strength (also because Judas Maccabeus still died)

  1. Why does Good Deeds introduce Everyman to Knowledge?

        1. Good Deeds was weighed down by Everyman’s sins. Good Deeds leads Everyman to Knowledge who takes him to Confession to be forgiven, so that Good Deeds could uplift Everyman in Heaven.

  1. What do you notice about the departure of Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and Five Wits?

        1. They leave in the same order that they do in real life, with good deeds being the only one left after that follow him into death.

  1. What does the play suggest about Knowledge, with how she cannot go with Everyman but she will peer into his grave? What about her final words in the play?

        1. The play suggests that even though Knowledge is important in life, it is still not the deciding factor to get you to Heaven. She says that

  1. Who saves Everyman? What is the purpose, therefore, of Good Deeds (in the play or in life)?

        1. God saves Everyman by the end. However, Good Deeds is his spokesman who talks Everyman up, saying why he should get into Heaven.

  1. Everyman is so titled because its eponymous lead character allegorically represents every Man (that is, every human person). One theme of Christianity is that Jesus Christ is the Man and that the Christian’s goal is, in a sense, to “become” Christ. How does Everyman’s playwright show this conversion in Everyman?

        1. The idea is that Jesus had no possession except the father, he relied on the father, After Pilot has beaten Jesus he shows him to the crowd 2. Jesus is the epitome of man 3. Everyman is very selfish and relies on lust and materials,  He loses everything, he realizes he can only rely on the father, and he has become christ like

Be aware that I may also provide you with….A COLD READ!