Chapter 7: Painting

Encaustic

• made from pigment, wax, and resin

• known for rich, saturated colors

• popular in antiquity but is not commonly used today

EX:

Fresco

• mural painting technique made on either wet or dry plaster

• highly durable and requires careful planning

• used for public art and may reaffirm or challenge the architecture surrounding it

EX:

Tempera

• produces bright and clear colors that are built in layers and cannot be blended

• most popular binder for tempera is egg yolk

• supports for tempera paintings were typically wood panel or vellum

• popularity declined after the invention of oil paint

EX:

Oil Paints

Characteristics

• mix pigments and oils

• dry slowly

• Color can be blended

• thin glazes create translucent effects

EX:

Applications

• be applied with brushes, palette knives, and fingers, but crack over time as the paint dries

• made on wood panel or canvas with small details or thick applications

EX:

Pastel

• comes in sticks but can be manipulated with a brush or added with water to create a wash.

EX:

Watercolor

• consists of pigment, gum Arabic, and water and is painted in thin, translucent washes

EX:

Gouache

• uses white pigment to create opaque colors, can be painted in translucent layers, dries quickly, and has flat, saturated colors

EX:

Acrylic

• similar to oil paint but dries more quickly and is more durable

• uses polymerized acrylic resin as vehicle

• can mimic the visual effects of oil, watercolor, gouache, and tempera

EX:

PAINTING:

Painting is most commonly associated with easel painting

• Computers can be used to make
  paintings.

• 
  Mixed media art combines different
  artmaking materials

• Mosaics create images with tesserae,
  are highly durable, and rely on optical blending of colors

• 
  Tapestry creates woven images using
  warp and weft strings and can be functional as wall paintings
  for warmth

  • have explored tapestry beyond
    traditional materials, including using digital files and
    mechanical looms