ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS - FEB 4TH

The Cell

  • Cythology - the branch of biology that studies cells. Made possible by the microscope

  • Robert Hooke first used the word “cell” in 1663

    • He was examining cork under a microscope and thought that cork had many compartments, which he referred to as "cells"

    • He orginially thought that cells were for the passage of fluids

  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek studied simple living organizisims and thought of them to be living molecules, called “animalcules”

  • Cell Theory states that:

    1. All living things are composed of cells

    2. The cell is a functional unit of life - our “basic” building block

    3. All cells come from pre-exisiting cells. Bodies are made up of between 10-100 trillion cells

  • Each cell contains smaller parts called organelles which have functions that maintain all the life processes of the cell, including

    • Intake of nutrients

    • Movement

    • Growh

    • Response to Stimuli

    • Exchange of Gasses

    • Waste Removal

    • Reproduction

CELL ORGANELLES

Cell Parts and their Function

Cell Membrane

  • A protective barrier around the cell made of a double layer of lipids

  • Lipids are a fat-like molecule that does no dissolve in water

  • The membrane allows different substances to move in and out of the cell, which is called diffusion

Cyptoplasm

  • A Jelly subtances