HART 2101: Ethics and Shari’ah Concepts

  • HART 2101 Ethics and Toyyiban Concept in Halal Products and Services

    • Instructor: Dr. Nurhusna
    • Contact: nurhusna@iium.edu.my

  • Introduction to Shari’ah

    • Islam offers a comprehensive system for all aspects of life.
    • Teachings from Allah and Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) encompass applicable laws for humanity.
    • Quranic emphasis on completeness: "This day, I have perfected your religion…" (Al-Maidah, 3).

  • Understanding Good and Evil

    • Guidance from Allah is crucial for discerning good from evil.
    • The concepts of good (husn) and bad (qubh) are central to Islamic law.

  • Definition of Shari’ah

    • Literal Meaning: Derived from "shi ra’ayn"—the straight path.
    • Technical Definition: Canon law of Islam; dictates commandments from Allah.
    • Comprehensive Definition: Total sum of Islamic teachings and systems revealed to the Prophets.

  • Components of Shari’ah

    • Aqidah: Belief in Allah, Prophet Muhammad, the Hereafter, and six pillars of faith.
    • Akhlaq: Islamic ethical code governing personal conduct and interactions.
    • Fiqh: Deep understanding of practical rulings from Shari’ah sources.

  • General Objectives of Shari’ah (Maqasid al-Shari’ah 'Ammah)

    • Aims to secure benefits and prevent corruption.
    • Quranic verse: "…We have sent you as a mercy…" highlights compassion in Shari'ah.

  • Categories of Objectives

    • Essential (Al-Darurriyyat): Critical to protect religion, life, dignity, intellect, and property.
    • Complementary (Al-Hajiyyat): Enhancements that alleviate hardship.
    • Embellishments (Al-Tahsiniyyat): Lead to improvements in society.

  • Characteristics of Shari’ah

    1. Divine Origin (Al-Rabbaniyyah): Commandments from Allah.
    2. Universal, Realistic, Contemporary (Al-Waqi'iyyah): Principles adaptable to context.
    3. Rewards and Punishments: Applicable in this life and the hereafter.
    4. Completeness: Encompasses all aspects of human life.

  • Importance of Shari’ah

    • Free from discrepancies; promotes equity among all individuals.
    • Adhering to Shari’ah is part of a Muslim's faith and worship (Ibadah).
    • Shari’ah provides a framework for protecting interests and rejecting evils while ensuring stability in the community.