🧫🧮VOCAB: Unit 2 : Cell Anatomy

Vocabulary Definitions

Cell Cycle and Division

• Cell Cycle: The life cycle of a cell through growth and division.

• Mitosis: Cell division that produces two identical daughter cells.

• Cytokinesis: The division of a cell's cytoplasm.

• Interphase: The phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and replicates DNA.

DNA and Chromosomes

Chromosome: DNA molecule containing genetic information in cells.

Histone: Protein that helps package DNA into chromosomes.

Chromatin: A complex of DNA and proteins forming chromosomes.

Chromatid: One half of a duplicated chromosome.

Centromere: The region where sister chromatids are joined.

Telomere: The end region of a chromosome that protects DNA.

Cancer and Related Terms

• Cancer: Uncontrolled cell growth leading to the formation of tumors.

• Carcinogen: A substance that causes cancer in living tissue.

• Metastasize: The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another.

• Apoptosis: Programmed cell death in multicellular organisms.

Asexual Reproduction

• Binary Fission: Asexual reproduction by single-cell division.

• Asexual Reproduction: Reproduction without forming gametes.