Basic

1. What Makes a Sentence?

Every sentence has two basic parts:

• Subject: Who or what the sentence is about.

• Predicate: What the subject does or is.

Example:

• The dog (subject) is barking (predicate).

2. Four Types of Sentences

Sentences can be simple or more complex:

1. Simple Sentence: One complete idea.

   • I like apples.
     (One subject and one verb.)

2. Compound Sentence: Two complete ideas joined by words like and, but, or so.

   • I like apples, and I like oranges.

3. Complex Sentence: One complete idea and one incomplete idea.

   • I like apples because they are sweet.

4. Compound-Complex Sentence: Two complete ideas and one incomplete idea.

   • I like apples, and I eat them because they are sweet.

3. Common Sentence Patterns

Most sentences follow these patterns:

1. Subject + Verb (SV)

   • He runs.

2. Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)

   • She eats an apple.

3. Subject + Verb + Complement (SVC)

   • They are happy.

4. Subject + Verb + Object + Object (SVOO)

   • She gave him a gift.

5. Subject + Verb + Object + Complement (SVOC)

   • They made her captain.

4. Questions and Commands

• Questions: Flip the subject and verb.

  • Is he running?

• Commands: No subject (it’s understood as “you”).

  • Run faster!