SAT GRAMMAR RULES

Periods are equal to semicolons

  • Independent clauses can stand alone as sentences.

  • Semicolons and periods are interchangeable when separating independent clauses.

  • Semicolons or periods can be used before conjunctive adverbs, which are transition words like "however" and "therefore".

Sentence boundary questions

  • Sentence boundary questions often involve determining the correct placement of periods to separate independent clauses.

  • A helpful technique for identifying correct sentence boundaries is to read the sentences aloud and assess their fluency and clarity.

  • An example of a sentence boundary error is presented, highlighting the importance of separating clauses that are not logically connected.

Colons and dashes

  • Colons and dashes are grammatically equivalent and can be used interchangeably before a list or an explanation.

  • When a colon or a dash is used to separate two sentences, it is grammatically equivalent to using a period or a semicolon.

  • When using a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), remember to use a comma before the conjunction.

Commas and dependent clauses

  • Dependent clauses cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and rely on an independent clause for context.

  • Transition words and phrases, such as "however" or "in addition," connect ideas and sentences, and the appropriate word choice depends on the intended meaning and relationship between the clauses.

  • Non-essential information can be removed from a sentence without changing its meaning and should be set off by commas or dashes.

SAT practice tips

  • It is recommended to download the free PDF handout containing all 16 grammar rules, which can be printed out or kept on a desk while practicing.

  • On the test day, students are advised to read passages out loud, either from notes on their phones or a PDF, to warm up their brains before the grammar section.

  • Reading passages out loud helps with enunciation and improves reading comprehension, making the grammar section less challenging.

Compound Subjects

  • It is suggested to determine subject-verb agreement with compound subjects by sounding out the sentence and identifying the correct verb conjugation.

  • Memorizing grammar rules for compound subjects is considered time-consuming and less efficient than verbally testing the sentence.

  • The tenth rule discussed pertains to compound subjects.

Verb Tense

  • Verb tenses should remain consistent throughout a sentence. For example, if a sentence starts in the past tense, it should remain in the past tense.

  • When using "for" or "since" in a sentence, use "have been" to indicate an action that began in the past and is still ongoing.

  • When describing a single past action, use a single word in the past tense. For example, use "published" instead of "has published."

Parallel Structure

  • Parallel structure in grammar means using the same grammatical structure for a series of words, phrases, or clauses.

  • For example, if a series begins with a verb, the following items in the series should also be verbs.

  • Maintaining parallel structure ensures clarity and grammatical correctness.

Hanging Modifiers

  • A dangling modifier occurs when a descriptive phrase does not have a clear grammatical connection to the noun it is intended to modify.

  • For a sentence to be grammatically correct, the noun being modified should come immediately after the modifying phrase.

  • An example of a dangling modifier is a sentence that says "Born in 2004, computers were RB's hobby," because it incorrectly implies that computers were born in 2004.

Faulty Comparisons

  • Faulty comparisons occur when comparing two dissimilar things, such as a person and a platform.

  • To correct a faulty comparison, ensure that the items being compared are logically similar, such as comparing videos from one person to videos from another person.

  • When comparing a person's work to a platform's content, specify that the comparison is to the platform's content (e.g., "as good as those of ") rather than the platform itself.

Quantity Words

  • Plural nouns should be used with the words "number," "many," and "fewer."

  • Singular nouns should be used with the words "amount," "much," and "less."

  • The word "fewer" should be used instead of "less" when referring to subscribers.