Comprehensive Word Form Guide for Grade 10 Entrance Exams

Access and Accessibility

The term access functions as both a noun and a verb, primarily meaning to reach, enter, or obtain the right to use something. In Vietnamese, this is translated as "truy cập" or "tiếp cận." A common and important collocation associated with this word is "have access to," which indicates the permission or ability to enter or use a particular resource or place.

From this base word, several derivatives are formed. Accessibility is a noun referring to the quality of being able to be reached or used, often defined as "sự tiếp cận," "sử dụng," or "khả năng truy cập." The adjective form is accessible, which describes something that is easy to approach, reach, enter, or use. It is translated as "có thể tiếp cận," "dễ dàng sử dụng," or "truy cập."

Acting, Activity, and Activism

The root verb act refers to the process of performing a role in a play or movie, translated as "diễn xuất." This word has an extensive family of related terms. Activity (and its plural form, activities) is a noun meaning "hoạt động." Regarding people involved in performing, an actor refers specifically to a male performer (diễn viên nam), while an actress refers to a female performer (diễn viên nữ).

Beyond the arts, the verb activate means to trigger or set something into motion, known in Vietnamese as "kích hoạt." The adjective form active describes someone or something that is energetic or busy, translated as "năng động." The corresponding adverb is actively, meaning "1 cách năng động" (in an active manner). Finally, an activist is a noun referring to a person who campaigns to bring about political or social change, translated as "nhà hoạt động xã hội."

Admiration and Praise

The verb admire is used to regard someone or something with respect or warm approval, translated as "ngưởng mộ." There are several related forms for this concept. The adjective admirable describes something or someone deserving of respect or approval, translated as "đáng ngưỡng mộ." To describe an action performed in a way that deserves praise, the adverb admirably is used, meaning "1 cách đáng ngưỡng mộ."

The noun form for the feeling of respect and approval is admiration, translated as "sự ngưỡng mộ." Note that the word "child" is present in the transcript near this section but appears as a standalone note without further elaboration in the source text.

Antiquity and The Ancient World

The adjective ancient refers to something belonging to the very distant past or no longer in existence, translated as "cổ đại." From this adjective, the noun ancientness is derived, which refers to the state or quality of being ancient, translated as "tính cổ xưa" or "sự cổ kính."

Application and Appliances

The verb apply is used in various contexts, including making a formal request or putting something into operation, translated as "áp dụng." This word yields several distinct nouns. An appliance refers to a device or piece of equipment designed to perform a specific task, typically a domestic one, translated as "thiết bị." An applicant is a person who makes a formal application for something, such as a job or a place at a university, translated as "người nộp đơn." Lastly, application refers to the action of putting something into operation or a program designed for a specific purpose, translated as "ứng dụng."

Apprenticeship and Architecture

An apprentice is a noun and verb designating a person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer, or the act of being such a person. It is translated as "người học việc" or "thực tập sinh," with the phonetic pronunciation provided as /'pren.tis/. The related noun apprenticeship refers to the period of time during which a person is an apprentice, translated as "thời gian học việc" or "sự học việc," with the pronunciation / pren.tis.fip/.

In the field of building design, an architect is the noun for a person who designs buildings and in many cases also supervises their construction, translated as "kiến trúc sư." The noun architecture refers to the complex or carefully designed structure of something or the art and practice of designing buildings, translated as "kiến trúc." The adjective form is architectural, meaning "thuộc về kiến trúc."

Assistance and Attendance

The verb assist means to help someone, typically by doing a share of the work, translated as "trợ giúp." This leads to the noun assistance, meaning help or support ("sự trợ giúp"), and the noun assistant, which refers to a person who provides help in a professional setting, translated as "trợ lý."

Regarding presence and focus, the verb attend means to be present at an event or meeting, translated as "tham dự." The noun for the act or state of being present is attendance ("sự có mặt"). From a different nuance of the word, the adjective attentive refers to someone who is paying close attention to something, translated as "chú ý" or "lưu tâm." The adverb form is attentively, meaning "1 cách chú ý."

Attraction and Accidental Events

The verb attract refers to the power of drawing something towards oneself or evoking interest and liking, translated as "thu hút." The noun form is attraction, meaning "sự thu hút." The adjective form attractive describes someone or something that is pleasing or appealing to the senses, translated as "hấp dẫn." The adverb form is attractively, meaning "1 cách hấp dẫn."

When discussing unexpected events, the noun accident refers to an unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and unintentionally, translated as "tai nạn." The adjective form accidental describes something that happens by chance, translated as "tình cờ" or "ngẫu nhiên." The corresponding adverb accidentally means "1 cách tình cờ."

Adaptation and Advancement

The verb adapt means to become adjusted to new conditions, translated as "thích nghi." Related forms include adaptable, an adjective describing someone or something able to adjust to new conditions ("có thể thích nghi"), and adaptation, the noun referring to the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment, translated as "sự thích nghi."

Finally, the verb advance means to move forward or make progress, translated as "tiến lên." The adjective advanced describes something that is far on in development or progress, translated as "tiên tiến." The noun advancement refers to the process of promoting a cause or plan, or the development or improvement of something, translated as "sự tiến bộ."