evolution

Unit 7: Evolution

Chapter 11

Vocabulary



Evolution

Natural selection

Genetic variation

Species

Gene pool

Population

Somatic

Germ-line

Deleterious

Advantageous

Neutral

Survival

Fitness

Reproduction

Allele frequency

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Hardy-Weinberg conditions

Migration

Immigration

Emigration

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Positive selection

Negative selection

Balancing selection

Heterozygous advantage

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

Disruptive selection

Sexual selection

Founder effect

Bottleneck effect

Extinction

Artificial selection

Species

Biological species concept

Speciation

Morphological species concept

Reproductive isolation

Viable

Fertile

Prezygotic isolation

Postzygotic isolation

Hybridization

Behavioral factors

Mechanical factors

Gametic factors

Temporal factors

Ecological factors

Geographic isolation

Adaptive radiation

Sympatric Speciation

Co-evolution

Convergent evolution

Divergent evolution


Study Questions


Summarize the process of evolution by natural selection in a series of steps.

Explain how evolution can occur without selection. 

Explain how humans have contributed to evolution in non-human species through both artificial selection and natural selection.

Explain how deviation from Hardy-Weinberg conditions results in evolution. 

Identify what is necessary for an adaptation to be passed to future generations.

Explain how the bottleneck effect and founder effect are examples of genetic drift

Make a prediction about the effect of gene flow on human evolution.

Identify limitations to the biological species concept.

Describe conditions that can lead to speciation.

Compare pre- and post- zygotic isolating mechanisms. 

Explain why geographically isolated populations are likely to evolve into separate species over time.

Explain how speciation can occur in populations which are not geographically isolated. 


Book Work

  1. Read chapter 11

  2. Extra credit Chapter 11 visual connection, review, and critical thinking questions. Due corrected by the day of the celebration. Please request an answer key upon completion and submit corrected answers in an assignment that will be unlocked for you.

Chapter 12

Vocabulary



Phylogeny

Cladogram

Phylogenic tree

Clade

Monophyletic group

Derived character

Ancestral character

Node

Common ancestor

Modern organism

Extinct

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Character

Character state

Homologous structure/trait

Analogous structure/trait

Parsimony

Molecular evidence

Fossil evidence

Biogeography

Mass extinction

Vestigal structures


Study Questions


Construct a cladogram from morphological data. Use Google to obtain data. 

Describe multiple lines of evidence for evolutionary relationships.


Book Work

  1. Read chapter 12

  2. Extra credit Chapter 12 visual connection, review, and critical thinking questions. Due corrected by the day of the celebration. Please request an answer key upon completion and submit corrected answers in an assignment that will be unlocked for you.