Chapter 11 Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing

Let's create flashcards for each concept mentioned in the notes from Chapter 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing. I'll ensure each concept is concisely covered.

1. Flashcard: Stress

- Front: What is stress and its effects?

- Back: Stress is the process of appraising and responding to threatening or challenging events. It has both positive effects, such as increased awareness of dangers, and negative effects, such as risky decision-making.

2. Flashcard: Stressful Spectrum

- Front: What are the two ways a stressful event can be perceived?

- Back: As a Threat, leading to being stressed and distracted, or as a Challenge, leading to being aroused and focused.

3. Flashcard: Major Stressors

- Front: What are the major categories of stressors?

- Back: Catastrophes, significant life changes, and daily hassles or pressures.

4. Flashcard: Impact of Stress on Health

- Front: How does stress impact health?

- Back: Stress can delay surgical wound healing, increase vulnerability to colds, and hasten the course of diseases such as HIV to AIDS.

5. Flashcard: Health Psychology

- Front: What is Health Psychology?

- Back: A field within psychology focusing on psychology’s contributions to behavioral medicine and studying the interaction between psychology and physical health.

6. Flashcard: Psychoneuroimmunology

- Front: What does psychoneuroimmunology study?

- Back: The study of how psychological factors affect the immune system and health overall.

7. Flashcard: HPA Axis

- Front: What is the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis?

- Back: A system that controls the body's stress response. Stress activates the hypothalamus, which triggers the pituitary gland to release ACTH, in turn activating the adrenal glands to release cortisol, impacting memory and immune function.

8. Flashcard: Immune Response to Stress

- Front: How does stress affect the immune system?

- Back: Stress can cause the immune system to overreact, leading to conditions like anaphylaxis, or underreact, allowing infections or cancer cells to multiply.

9. Flashcard: Stress and Illness Possible Responses

- Front: What are the immune cells involved in stress responses?

- Back: B lymphocytes (fight bacterial infections), T lymphocytes (fight viruses and cancer cells), macrophages (attack harmful invaders), and natural killer cells (attack diseased cells).

10. Flashcard: Positive Psychology

- Front: How does mood affect healing according to Positive Psychology?

- Back: A better mood can accelerate healing, while a bad mood can exacerbate illnesses and make one more susceptible to colds.

11. Flashcard: Work Stress

- Front: What are the effects of work stress?

- Back: Increases blood pressure and necessitates good anger management strategies, like waiting, finding a healthy distraction, or seeking support.

12. Flashcard: Catharsis

- Front: What is catharsis and its potential effects?

- Back: Catharsis is the emotional release of tension, typically through activities like rage rooms or crying, but it has potential to backfire.

13. Flashcard: Pessimism vs Optimism

- Front: What are the differences between pessimism and optimism?

- Back: Pessimism involves expecting things to go badly, often associated with an external locus of control. Optimism involves expecting things to go well, associated with an internal locus of control.

14. Flashcard: Social Isolation and Loneliness

- Front: What are the effects of social isolation and loneliness?

- Back: High loneliness is linked to health risks equivalent to smoking and decreases lifespan. Nearly half of people ages 19-24 report feeling lonely.

15. Flashcard: Social Support System

- Front: How does a social support system affect health?

- Back: Having a strong network of friends, family, and coworkers can improve health, often better than medication and therapy.

16. Flashcard: Religion and Longevity

- Front: How does religious involvement affect longevity?

- Back: Religious people tend to live longer due to healthier behaviors, positive emotions, and strong social support.

17. Flashcard: Income and Happiness

- Front: How does income relate to happiness?

- Back: Money increases happiness up to a point; individuals with an income allowing comfortable living (around $150,000 a year) have similar happiness levels to billionaires.

18. Flashcard: Divorce and Health

- Front:

What is the impact of divorce on health?

- Back: Divorced individuals may have a shorter lifespan, possibly due to the associated stress and lifestyle changes.

19. Flashcard: Trauma Types

- Front: What are different types of trauma?

- Back: Traumas can include accidents (like car accidents), natural disasters (tornadoes), and assault/war experiences (such as rape).

Each of these flashcards is designed to be concise, focusing on key details necessary for understanding and memorization. If any specific details or topics need further explanation or are missing, please let me know!