Critiques of Corporate Social Responsibility
Milton Friedman's Perspective
Corporate Responsibility
Friedman argues that corporations have no social responsibility. Their primary responsibility is to increase profits.
For Friedman, expecting employees to act with social responsibility means they are not prioritizing the employer's interests, which is profit-making.
Actions Inconsistent with Profit-Making
Examples of actions seen as socially responsible but potentially conflicting with profit-making:
Refraining from increasing prices (avoiding inflation).
Making expenses to reduce pollution beyond what the law requires.
Adherence to the Law
Friedman emphasizes that corporations must abide by the law, even if it compromises profits.
He would likely disagree with protectionist measures but would advocate for addressing them through legal and public discourse channels.
Corporations must respect laws regarding CO2 emissions, waste management, and other regulations.
Ethical Standards
Corporations need to adhere to basic ethical standards, even if not legally mandated.
Friedman would likely criticize unethical practices like sweatshops or child labor, even if legal in some countries.
Going Above and Beyond
Friedman would not approve of a business owner making decisions that reduce profits in the name of environmental concerns if it impacts employees or shareholders.
Businesses should abide by local laws regarding pollution and waste management but are not obligated to exceed those requirements.
"Hardcore Unemployed"
Hiring the "hardcore unemployed" to reduce poverty is considered embracing social responsibility, which Friedman would not see as a primary goal of businesses.
Government subsidies for hiring less experienced individuals (e.g., recent high school graduates) represent a deviation from pure profit-driven hiring practices.
Politics in Business
Friedman believes embracing social responsibility involves politics in business, which he regards as irrelevant and inappropriate.
Even a focus on profit-making reflects a political ideology.
Ideal Society
Friedman's perspective is based on an ideal society where everyone is taken care of and businesses do not need to support marginalized communities or the environment.
Taxation
Friedman tolerates taxation from legitimately elected governments, seeing it as a cost for social responsibility.
Personal vs. Company Time
Individuals are welcome to pursue social justice causes on their own time, but not during company time.
Small Businesses
Friedman might be more accepting of a sole business owner taking on additional responsibilities to employ vulnerable populations if it doesn't impact customers or suppliers and the owner takes the financial hit.
Social Responsibility as a Cloak
Actions justified on the grounds of reasons other than the real motive of profit
Social resposibility can be used to hide something else.
Purple Washing, Feminist Washing
Corporations with purple washing, DEI policies, or ESG scores might be shielded from criticism regarding pollution or labor practices.
Profit-Making
Friedman is for profit making, but he doesn't approve of deceiving consumers.
Corporations should not pretend that actions taken for profit are solely motivated by social responsibility.
Corporation Motivations
Corporations donate and can use the amount that they donated to charity as a tax write off.
corporations donating to charity for marketing and visibility.
Diversity and Recruitment
Corporations may use diversity metrics for aesthetic purposes, without genuinely embracing and supporting diverse employees.
Hiring individuals based on demographics without providing adequate support or opportunities for advancement can create a hostile work environment.
Ideal Free Market
In an ideal free market based on private property and voluntary cooperation, the only responsibility of businesses would be profit making.