Unit+4+Medication+Administration+1+STUDENT

Unit Overview

Unit 4: Medication Administration

Course Code: PNN-123 Nursing Theory 1ATI Resources to Review: Textbook Chapters 46 & 47Topics:

• Concepts of Medication Administration

• Injectable, Oral, and Topical Medication Administration (Oral, Enteral Tube, Rectal)

• ATI Engage: Medication Administration

Introduction to Pharmacology

Understanding pharmacology involves studying substances used for healing and comfort in healthcare.

Roles in Medication Management

Role of the Provider:

• Obtain medical history, perform physical exams

• Diagnose conditions and prescribe medications

• 
  

  Monitor therapeutic responses, adjust prescriptions as neededRole of the LPN:

• Prepare and administer medications

• Monitor patient responses

• Know medications’ uses, actions, routes, dosages, side effects, interactions

• Ensure accuracy in prescription verification

• Report medication errors and maintain safety

History of Drug Regulations

Key Regulations:

• FDA: Reviews medications rigorously

• Pure Food & Drug Act: Ensures products are impurity-free

• Controlled Substance Act: Regulates narcotics and abusive drugs

• United States Pharmacopeia (USP): Sets medication standards

• MedWatch Program: Reports adverse effects

Nurses' Legal Aspects of Medication Administration

Knowledge of medication laws is crucial for compliance and patient safety.

Controlled Substances

Classification by the DEA based on abuse potential and dependency.

Required Documentation

Include patient name, dosage, timing, prescriber’s name, and administering nurse’s name.

Medication Safety and Administration

Three Checks:

1. Check medication label against MAR upon retrieval

2. Before pouring/opening medication

3. Before returning medication to storage

Ten Rights of Medication Administration:

• Right Client

• Right Medication

• Right Dose

• Right Time

• Right Route

• Right Documentation

• Right Client Education

• Right to Refuse

• Right Assessment

• Right Evaluation

Factors Affecting Drug Action

Consider developmental age, weight, genetics, culture, psychological state, and food intake timing.

Drug Administration Techniques

Oral Medications:

• Advantages: Safe, inexpensive, convenient

• Disadvantages: Variable absorption, potential GI inactivation

Injectable Medications:

• Used for rapid response, especially in emergencies

• Needles: Vary by length and gauge based on medication and route

• Injection Sites:

  • Intradermal: 5-15 degrees at forearm

  • Subcutaneous: 45-90 degrees in abdomen, thighs

  • Intramuscular: 90 degrees in deltoid, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis

Documentation on MAR:Include date, time, medication name, dosage, route, site, patient name, and nurse's signature.

Teaching Responsibilities

Patient education should start at admission, tailored for understanding and reinforced through teach-back techniques.