APUSH Contact and conquest

Key Concept 1.1

As native populations migrated and settled across north America over time, the devolped complex societies by adapting and transforming their environments.

  1. Different native societies transformed their environments by innovating things in agriculture, resource use, and social structure.

Key Concept A

A) The spread of corn cultivation from present-day Mexico north into present-day American Southwest supported economic development, settlement, advanced irrigation, and social diversification among societies.

Notes

  • Mexico Tribes: Maya in the Yucatan, Aztecs, Olmecs

  • American Southwest: Anasazi, Pueblo


Key Concept B

B) Societies responded to the aridity of the Great Basin and the grasslands of the western Great Plains by developing largely mobile lifestyles.


Notes

  •    Great Basin- Arid dry flat


Key concept C

C) In the Northeast, the Mississippi River Valley, and along the Atlantic Seaboard some societies developed mixed agriculutral and hunter gatherer economies that favored the development of permenant villages.

  • Cahokia ST louis- Mound people

  • Iroquois-NY and PA- Slash and burn, maize crops, Matriarchal society

  • political

  • economic parking


Key Concept D

D) Societies in the northwest and present day california supported themselves by hunting and gathering, and in some areas developed settled communities supported by the vast resources of the ocean

  • Hunting and Gathering

  • Totem pole

  • Brother bear


Key Concept 1.2

Contact among europeans, native Americans, and africans led to the columbian exchange and significant cultural, social, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic ocean

  1. European expansion into the western hemisphere generated intense social, religious, political, and economic competition and changes within european societies


A) European nations efforts to explore and conquer the new world stemmed from a search for new sources of wealth, economic and military competition, and a desire to spread christianity.


God, Gold, Glory.

God is a desire to spread Christianity

Gold is a new source for economic wealth

Glory is economic and military competition



Key concept B

The columbian exchange brought new crops from americas to Europe, stimulating European population growth, and new sources of mineral wealth, which facilitated the European shift from Feudalism to Capitalism



Columbian Exchange= Good for Europe

Population growth

mineral wealth of gold and silver

beginning of mercantilism


Key Concept 1.2 II

A) The Spanish exploration and conquest of the Americas were accompanied and further by widespread deadly epidemics that devastated native populations and by the introductions of crops and animals not found in the Americas


New World effects.

Diseases like smallpox and malaria (90 precent of native population devastated)

Crops like wheat, rice, and sugar.

Animals like horses transformed life on the great plains


Key concept 1.2 II

B) In the Encomienda system, Spanish colonial economies marshaled native American labor to support plantation based agriculture and extract precious metals and other resources


Encomienda system:

Gift of land from Spain

Native American slavery

maize

precious metals.