Chapter 14
ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
| CELL WALL SYNTHESIS | PROTEIN SYNTHESIS | INHIBIT MEMBRANE FUNCTION | NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS | INHIBIT METABOLIC PATHWAYS | INHIBIT ATP SYNTHASE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β-lactams (type of drug) | Aminoglycosides (type of drug) | Polymyxins | Metronidazole | Sulfonamindes | Diarylquionolines |
| Vancomycin | Tetracyclines | Daptomycin | Rifampin | Trimethoprim | |
| Bacitracin | Macrolides (type of drug) | Fluoroquinolines | Izoniazid | ||
| Lincosamides | |||||
| Chloramphenicol | |||||
| Oxazolidinones |
β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and macrolides
| CELL WALL SYNTHEISIS | PROTEIN SYNTHESIS | PROTEIN SYNTHESIS |
|---|---|---|
| <<β-lactams<< | ]]Aminoglycosides]] | ]]Macrolides]] |
| Penicillins | Streptomycin | Erythromycin |
| Cephalosporins | Gentamicin | Azithromycin |
| Carbapenems | Neomycin | |
| Monobactams |
OTHER ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS
| ANTIFUNGAL | ANTIPROTOZOAN | ANTIHELMINTHIC | ANTIVIRAL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Imidazoles | ==Atovaquone== | Mebendazole | Acyclovir |
| Triazoles | Proguanil | Ivermectin | Amantadine + Rimantadine |
| Allylamines | Metronidazole | Niclosamide | Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) |
| Polyenes | Pentamidine | Praziquantel | |
| Flucytosine | Artemisinin | ||
| Echinocandins | Quinolines | ||
| Polyoxins + nikkomycins | |||
| Griseofulvin | |||
| ==Atovaquone== |
DRUGS AND DISEASE
| ]]MICROBE]] | ]]DISEASE]] | ]]DRUG]] | ]]NOTES]] |
|---|---|---|---|
| BACTERIA | Streptococcal + Staphylococcal infections | Lincosamides | |
| BACTERIA | Tuberculosis | Rifampin, Isoniazid, Fluoroquinolone | Rifampin can be antag + hepatotoxic WITH BIRTH CTRL |
| FUNGUS | Skin infections: athlete’s foot (tinea pedis), ringworm, jock itch (tinea cruris) | Imidazoles, Allylamines | |
| FUNGUS | Systemic YEAST infections: oral thrush, cryptococcal meningitis | Triazoles | admin. orally or IV |
| ]]PROTOZOA]] | Malaria | Atovaquone, Quinolines, kinda Artemisinin | |
| ]]PROTOZOA]] | Babeiosis, Toxoplasmosis | Atovaquone | |
| ]]PROTOZOA]] | Dystentery | Metronidazole, Quinolines | WATER DISEASE |
| ]]PROTOZOA]] | Giardia, Trichomoniasis (STD) | Metronidazole | GIARDIA = WATER DISEASE |
| ]]PROTOZOA]] | African sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis | Pentamidine | DISEASES spread by fly bites |
| ]]HELMINTH]] | Round worms + parasitic insects | Ivermectin | Found in horse dewormer |
| ]]HELMINTH]] | Intestinal tape worms | Niclosamide | |
| ]]HELMINTH]] | Tapeworms, LIVER FLUKES, schistosomiasis (blood flukes) | Praziquantel | |
| VIRUS | Herpes | Acyclovir | |
| VIRUS | influenza A | Amantadine + Rimantadine | |
| VIRUS | influenza A/B | Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) | tamiflu is usually used on infants |
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
| 50S | 30S |
|---|---|
| Macrolides | Aminoglycosides = impair proofreading |
| Lincosamides | Tetracycline = tRNA blocked |
| Chloramphenicol | |
| Oxazolidinones bind to 50s | Oxazolidinones interfere w assoc. to 30s |