Mobility - ACSM

Conclusion of the Study on HRV Recovery

• The first study to investigate Heart Rate Variability (HRV) recovery outside of a laboratory setting using wearable technology.

• Findings suggest there is no significant suppression in HRV following acute exhaustive exercise.

• Future studies are needed to explore the effects of menstrual cycle phases on HRV recovery metrics.

  • Fluctuating progesterone levels are known to influence HRV.

Study on Pitch Angle During Rowing and Stroke Rate Effects

• Authors: YiChao Du, ZhiQiang Liang, Wei Wang, YongXin Xu

• Affiliation: ShangHai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Background

• Improvement of stroke rates (SR) is crucial for enhancing rowing velocity.

• The relationship between SR variation, boat running stability, and rower performance is under-researched.

Purpose

• Examine the relationship between boat running stability and rower performance at varying stroke rates during water rowing.

Methods

• Two elite rowers performed a 500-meter rowing test at stroke rates of 20 SR, 24 SR, 28 SR, and 36 SR.

• Measurements taken: Roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, power output using the rowing biomechanical system (Powerline, UK).

• Statistical analysis included Pearson’s chi-squared test and multiple linear regression.

Results

1. Significant changes induced by stroke rate on:

   • Roll angle (r = 0.19, P < 0.01)

   • Pitch angle (r = 0.42, P < 0.01)

   • Yaw angle (r = 0.34, P < 0.01)

2. Pitch angle correlated with power output (r = 0.30, P < 0.01).

3. Yaw angle also correlated with power output (r = 0.55, P < 0.01).

4. Increasing pitch angle is positively correlated with higher power output (b = 8.97, t = 4.57, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

• Boat running stability decreases significantly with higher stroke rates.

• Pitch angle and yaw angle at high stroke rates significantly affect boat stability and rower performance.

• Recommendations for coaches and rowers to mitigate impacts of higher stroke rates on boat stability.

Effect of Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Elite Badminton Players

• Authors: Limingfei Zhou, Luyu Zhang, Meng Liu, Dapeng Bao

• Affiliation: Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.

Background

• Badminton requires high-intensity movements like quick starts, stops, lunges, and changes of direction.

• Combined training (CT) effectively improves multiple underlying domains contributing to dynamic balance.

Purpose

• Investigate the impact of a combined balance and plyometric training program on dynamic postural controls in elite badminton players.

Methods

• Sixteen elite male badminton players randomly assigned to:

  • Combined training (CT) group (n=8), which combined balance and plyometric training, performed 3 times a week for 6 weeks.

  • Plyometric training (PT) group (n=8), performing only plyometrics.

• Measurements focused on stabilization time and center of pressure (COP) metrics, analyzed using two-way repeated-measure ANOVA.

Results

• In PT group:

  • Significant decrease in N-TTS and D-TTS (p < 0.009).

• In CT group:

  • Significant improvements in D-COPAP (p = 0.007), N-COPAP (p = 0.001), D-COPML (p = 0.015), N-COPML (p = 0.001), D-COPPL (p = 0.017).

Conclusion

• The combined training method shows significant benefits for dynamic postural controls compared to plyometric training alone.

• Future studies should confirm these results.

Mobility Characteristics Comparison in NCAA Division I Athletes

• Authors: Katie Sell, Roger Gerland, Adam Gonzalez, Jamie Ghigiarelli, Gerald Mangine

  • Affiliations: Hofstra University, STARS, Kennesaw State University.

Purpose

• To compare shoulder, hip, and ankle mobility across male and female NCAA Division I athletes, to develop normative ranges.

Methods

• Data collected from 276 athletes across sports including tennis, cross country, baseball, basketball, soccer, lacrosse, and golf.

• Mobility assessments included several range of motion (ROM) tests, sit-and-reach, thoracic rotation ROM, and pelvic tilt tests.

• Statistical analysis included symmetry index and ANOVA.

Results

• Significant differences in mobility measures across sexes and sports were noted.

• Symmetry analysis revealed a main effect for sport (F = 8.2, p < 0.001, η2 p = 0.16).

• Total shoulder internal rotation greater in female athletes (F = 12.8, p < 0.001, η2 p = 0.05).

• Sit-and-reach test scores showed no significant differences across sport or sex.

Conclusions

• This expands the limited normative data available for collegiate athletes, valuable for injury risk reduction and performance optimization.

• Need for further research to define normative ranges and identify elevated injury risks based on mobility.

Effects of Compression Garments on Running Performance

• Authors: Yew Cheo Ng, Govindasamy Balasekaran, FACSM, Hao Sheng Tai, Visvasuresh Victor Govindaswamy

  • Affiliations: Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Concordia University Chicago.

Introduction

• Previous studies report mixed findings on the effects of compression garments (CG) on physiological responses during running.

Purpose

• Investigate physiological changes in blood lactate (BL), heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and oxygen uptake (VO2) while running in DRSKIN compression garments.

Methods

• 10 healthy males participated, categorized into experimental (EP - DRSKIN) or control (CP - generic brand).

• Participants underwent anthropometric measurements, completed the IPAQ and PAR-Q+, followed by graded exercise tests including VO2max testing.

Results

• Significant differences observed with repeated measures ANOVA for:

  • VO2 [F(1.592, 14.326) = 180.588, p < 0.001]

  • BL [F(2.02, 18.21) = 10.66, p < 0.01]

  • RPE [F(1.265, 11.388) = 54.825, p < 0.001]

  • HR [F(1.781, 16.032) = 139.334, p < 0.001]

• No significant differences among protocols for VO2, BL, or RPE.

Conclusion

• DRSKIN compression tights might not enhance running performance compared to standard compression tights.

• Suggests further investigation in field settings versus controlled laboratory environments.

Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Recovery in Soccer Players

• Authors: Mengyuan Lin, Jibing Wang, Guoyan Zhang, Mingyu Wang, Jie Jin

  • Affiliation: Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose

• To evaluate the effect of cold water immersion on sports performance and functional recovery during intensive soccer matches.

Methods

• 31 professional soccer players participated in a self-controlled study design across two stages of recovery procedures:

  • First stage: Conventional recovery methods only (stretching, massage, physiotherapy).

  • Second stage: Combined conventional recovery with cold water immersion post training/matches.

• Evaluated indicators included sleep quality, fatigue, muscle soreness, total movement distance, and physical functions.

Results

• Second stage showed significant improvements in sleep, fatigue, muscle soreness (p < 0.05).

• Significantly better performance in distance metrics post second phase (p < 0.05).

• No significant changes in 5-minute peak travel distance (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

• Cold water immersion improves subjective sensations and performance recovery in soccer players during intensive fixtures.

Effectiveness of the Omni RPE Color Face Scale in Regulating Exercise Intensity

• Authors: Peggy Boey, Govindasamy Balasekaran, FACSM, Ng Yew Cheo

  • Affiliation: Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Purpose

• Identify the efficacy of the Omni Rate of Perceived Exertion Color Face Scale (CFS) in self-regulating exercise intensity in outdoor settings.

Methods

• 26 participants underwent both indoor and outdoor sessions to regulate perceived exertion using the OMNI RPE and OMNI RPE CFS.

• Indoor sessions involved graded submaximal treadmill tests, while outdoor sessions included regulated exercise during a modified soccer game.

Results

• Heart Rate and RPE were recorded and analyzed in both settings.

Conclusion

• The study reveals insights into how the OMNI RPE CFS can help young adults effectively manage their exercise intensity outdoors.