Polyphenols and Their Effects

Polyphenols

  • Polyphenols are divided into four categories and have similar actions.
  • Examples:
    • Anthocyanins:
      • Give fruit and vegetables a purple color.
      • Possess powerful antioxidant activity.
    • Quercetin
    • Catechins
      • Found in green tea extract
    • Liquiritin
      • Found in licorice or licorice root extract
    • Glabridin
      • Also found in licorice
    • Resveratrol
      • Found in wine
      • Classified as a stilbene
    • Salicylic acid
      • Used for peeling

Side Effects of Polyphenols

  • Side effects are proportional to the usage of polyphenols.
    • Contact allergic and photodermatitis problems can occur in certain individuals upon exposure.
    • Hyperpigmentation
    • Reactivity in sensitive skins
    • Skin inflammation and irritation
  • Getting the right levels in formulations is key.
  • They can act as an allergen.
  • They can also lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) if used in too high a concentration.

Similarities to Phenylalanine-Derived Materials

  • Polyphenols often have similar qualities to other phenylalanine-derived materials in the body.
  • Melanin, estrogen, and thyroid hormones originate from phenylalanine.
  • Melanin is involved in the production of the orangey-yellow pigment in the skin.
  • Polyphenols can interrupt processes and pathways normally influenced by these compounds.
  • They are used in small quantities to achieve specific effects.

Main Polyphenols of Focus

  • Resveratrol
  • Green Tea Extract
  • Curcumin
  • Licorice Root Extract
  • Colloidal Oatmeal
  • Silymarin
  • Soybean Extract