Environmental Science Test

1. Study of human interaction with the environment.

2. Science = research/data; environmentalism = activism.

3. Example: Trees; overharvest = nonrenewable.

4. Tragedy of the Commons.

5. Agricultural Revolution; Industrial Revolution.

6. Ecological footprint = resource use; carbon footprint = emissions.

7. Population projected to peak ~9–10 billion.

8. Humans depend on the environment.

9. U.S. footprints are much larger → overconsumption.

10. Example: Policy + clean energy + personal conservation.

11. Montreal Protocol phased out CFCs successfully.

12. Harder for climate change—less personal/immediate.

13. Global cooperation works.

14. New chemicals/conditions can emerge.

15. Problems can return if ignored.

16. Science is always testable but not absolute.

17. To avoid bias and error.

18. Example: Hypothesis, experiment, analyze data.

19. Peer review and replication.

20. Weather/climate model.

21. Independent = changed; dependent = measured.

22. Ensures reliability.

23. Experiment = controlled variables; observation = natural study.

24. Provides measurable, comparable evidence.

25. Correlation ≠ causation; e.g., ice cream sales and sunburn.

26. Keep experiments fair/valid.

27. Provides evidence-based solutions.

28. Correct order of steps: Question → Hypothesis → Experiment → Data → Conclusion →Share results

29. Scientists organize data into tables/graphs to make patterns clear and results easier to

analyze

30. The purpose of a control group is to provide a baseline for comparison

31. Example of an inference (not an observation): “The dog is hungry” (observation: “The dog is

whining”)

32. A detailed materials list ensures accuracy and repeatability

33. Making a prediction = hypothesis step.

34. Multiple bags = larger sample size, more reliable results.

35. Revise the hypothesis and retest.

36. Percentages allow fair comparison between different sample sizes.

37. Example: Driving less / eating less meat / reducing energy use.

38. Local food reduces transportation emissions and packaging.

39. The livestock industry produces more greenhouse gases than transportation.

40. Example: Leaving lights/appliances on, buying more single-use plastics.

41. Ecological overshoot = humans using resources faster than Earth can regenerate.