ISEE vocab flashcards

WordDefinitionAbasehumiliate; or lower in rankAdulteratemake impure or weaken quality ofAncillaryproviding support to a primary functionAssuagelessen the intensity of somethingBoisterousnoisy, cheerful, and rowdyCircumspectcarefully considers all optionsContraveneoppose or act againstDeficientlacking in quality or elementDisparatemade up of different partsEmancipatefree from restraint or bondageEspionagepractice of spying or using spiesFeasibleable to be done or carried outGlibnonchalant to the point of insincerityHubrisexaggerated pride or self‐confidenceImpugnattack as false by words or argumentIngratiategain favor with through effortIrrelevantnot significant or necessaryListlesslacking energy or interestMettlevigor and strength of temperamentNuminousholy, spiritual, or supernaturalPanegyricformal or elaborate praisePhilanthropygoodwill towards humanityPrestigiousinspiring respect and admirationPutrefydecay or rot and produce a smellRepletefully equipped or filledSardonicgrimly mocking or cynicalSqualordirtiness due to poverty or neglectSurpassbecome better than somethingTreatisesystematic written work on a subjectVerbosefilled with more words than neededAbatebecome less in amount or degreeAdversaryopponent in conflict or contestAnecdoteshort story on a real occurrenceAstuteclever and perceptiveBolstersupport or strengthenCircumstantialfull but inconclusive proofContritefeeling or showing remorseDissonancelack of harmony or agreementDisparatemade up of different partsEmasculatedeprive of strength or spiritEsteemrespect and admirationFecundfertile or productiveGluttonousexcessively greedy in consumptionHyperboleexaggerated statementImpunityfree from harm or punishmentInimicalharmful or destructiveIrremediablenot able to be curedLitheeasily flexible or gracefulMigratemove from one habitat to anotherNymphspirit of nature; or a fairyPantomimeexpress meaning through gesturePhlegmaticunexcitable or unemotionalPresumptuousfailure to observe proprietyQuagmiredifficult situation or predicamentReprehensibledeserving criticism or condemnationSatesatisfy until full (such as with food)Squanderwastefully use somethingSurrealbizarre or unbelievableTrenchantsharply perceptive or causticVerbotenforbidden usually by an authorityAbdicategive up powers or dutiesAdversityhardship and sufferingAlacritybrisk and cheerful readinessAnimosityhostility towards somethingAsylumprotection or shelter from harmBombasticsounds impressive but means littleConundrumconfusing and difficult problemDelectabledelicious or delightfulDistraughtdeeply upset and agitatedEmbedfix firmly into somethingEstrangealienate someone from a relationshipFeignpretend to be affected by a thingGoadprovoke or annoy someone to actHypocriticalengaging in same act one condemnsInanesilly, foolish, or stupidIniquitousgrossly unfair and morally wrongItinerantmoving from place to placeLiturgyritual, worship, or observanceMincemoderate for the sake of politenessObduratestubborn and unbendingParableshort story illustrating a moralPretentiousacting better than one actually isPunctiliousshowing great attention to detailQuailshrink back in fear from somethingReprimandofficially scold or admonishSatireexpose foolishness through mockerySquelchcrush, put down, silence, or inhibitSurreptitiouskept secret due to inappropriatenessTrepidationfeeling of fear or agitationVerdantgreen or rich with vegetationAberrationnot normal and unwelcomeAdvocatepublically support somethingAnnihilatedestroy utterly or obliterateAtheistdoes not believe in a higher powerBoorunrefined, ill‐ mannered personClamorshout loudly and insistentlyConvalescerecover health and strengthDeleteriouscausing harm or damageDitherbe indecisive about somethingEmbellishmake interesting by adding detailsEthosappeals to one’s morals or ethicsFerventhaving passionate intensityGougeovercharge or make a holeHypotheticalexisting only as an idea or conceptImplacableunappeasable or unforgivingInaptnot suitable or appropriateJargonspecial words used by a specific groupLoftyhigh, impressive, or self‐importantMisanthropeone who dislikes humankindObfuscatecloud, obscure, or make unclearParadoxan outcome contradicting logicPilgrimagereligious or spiritual journeyPrevalentwidespread or popularQuandaryuncertain or difficult situationReprisalact of retaliation for damageSaturatecompletely fill with somethingStagnantnot advancing or developingSurrogatesubstitute or replacementTribulationcause of trouble or great sufferingVernalyouthful or relating to springAbeyancestate of temporary disuseAestheticset of principles; or concerning beautyAnnuldeclare something as invalidAtonemake amends or right wrongsBourgeoisof the middle class; or materialisticClandestinedone in secret, usually forbiddenConvivialfriendly, lively, and enjoyableDelinquenttending to commit crimesDiversitystate of having varietyEmblazonadd obvious design to somethingEulogyspoken or written high praiseFetishobsession; or magical objectGrandiloquentextravagant with intent to impressIconoclastone who attacks cherished beliefsInauguratebegin or introduce somethingInjuriouscausing harm or damageJarringclashing in a shocking wayLogosappeals to one’s logic or reasonMisconceptionincorrect view due to faulty thinkingObliteratedestroy utterly or wipe outParamountmore important than anything elsePinnaclehighest or most successful pointPrevaricatespeak or act in an evasive wayQuarrelsomelikely to argue or fightReproofexpression of blame or criticismSaturnineslow and gloomy in actionStaidquiet, serious, and respectableSustenancesomething that maintains lifeTriteoverused and lacking originalityVerisimilarappearing to be true or realAbhorrentinspiring disgust and loathingAffablefriendly and easy to talk toAntagonizecause someone to become hostileAtrocityextremely wicked or cruel actBrashself‐assertive in a rude wayClemencymercy given to someoneConvocationlarge formal assembly of peopleDelusionmistaken but maintained beliefDivertchange course of or distractEmeritusretired but keeps title as an honorEuphemismmilder substitution for harsher wordFicklechanging one’s mind frequentlyGrandioseexcessively grand or ambitiousIdiomphrase that is not self‐explanatoryIncarcerateimprison or confineInnateinborn or natural abilityJauntshort excursion or journey for funLoquacioustending to talk a great dealMisconstrueinterpret something wronglyOblivionbeing extinct or forgottenParamourlover, usually in an affairPiquanthaving a pleasantly spicy tasteProcureobtain something with care or effortQuashreject, void, or invalidateReprovereprimand or harshly criticizeSavanta learned or intellectual personStanceattitude toward somethingSuturestitch together a wound or incisionTrivialof little value or importanceViablecapable of working successfullyAbjectextremely bad and degradingAffectinfluence someone or somethingAntecedentsomething that existed beforeAtrophywaste away or gradually declineBravadobold manner meant to impressCloutinfluence, sway, or powerConvolutedextremely complex and difficultDemagogueleader appealing to popular desiresDivulgemake information knownEminentfamous and respectedEuphonysound that is pleasing to hearFilamentslender threadlike object or fiberGratuitousuncalled for or unwarrantedIdiosyncrasypeculiar behavior or way of thinkingInceptionstarting point of somethingInnocuousnot harmful or offensiveJeermake rude or mocking remarksLoutman or boy greatly lacking in mannersMiserone who hoards wealthObsceneoffensive or disgustingPejorativeuncomplimentary or belittlingPithyusing few, but clever wordsProdigalwastefully extravagantQuellput an end to, usually by forceRepudiatedisown or refuse to acceptSavorysalty, spicy, or morally acceptableSterlingexcellent or valuable in qualitySwaggerconfident and arrogant walkTruantone who skips schoolVibrantfull of energy and enthusiasmAbrasiveharsh and biting in mannerAffinitynatural liking of somethingAntediluvianout of date or very old‐fashionedAttestcertify or serve as clear evidence ofBrazenbold and without shameCloyingdisgustingly sweet or sentimentalCopiousabundant in quantity or supplyDemoralizecause to lose hope or confidenceDocilesubmissive and easily controlledEmigratemove from one’s country to anotherEvanescentquickly fading or disappearingFinickyvery picky about one’s needsGregariousvery sociable or fond of companyIdolizeworship greatly or excessivelyInchoatejust begun and not fully formedInnovatemake change with new ideasJingoismextreme patriotism (negative)Lucrativeproducing a great deal of profitMisnomerinaccurate name or designationObscurenot discovered or known aboutPariahan outcast from societyPittancevery or too small amount of moneyProdigiousremarkably great in size or degreeQuerulouscomplaining in a whining mannerRepulsivearousing intense distaste or disgustSavvyshrewd and knowledgeableScurrilousslanderous and grossly abusiveSycophantone who flatters to gain an advantageTrucetemporary stop to hostilitiesVicariousexperienced secondhandAbridgeshorten something but keep its spiritAffirmstate something as a factAntiquitythe ancient past or great ageAudaciousincredibly bold or disrespectfulBrevityconcise and exact use of wordsCoalescecome together and form one massCordialwarm, comforting, and friendlyDenigratecriticize or attack unfairlyDogmaticuncompromising on principlesEmollientsoothing and calmingEvisceratedisembowel or deprive of strengthFlagellateflog or whip somethingGrotesquecomically or repulsively uglyIdyllicextremely happy or peacefulInciseto cut or carve into a surfaceInordinateunusually large or excessiveJocularhumorous, playful, or fond of jokingLudicrousfoolish to the point of being laughableMitigatemake less serious, severe, or painfulObsequiousexcessively obedientParodya comically mocking imitationPlacatemake less angry or hostileProfanetreat with great disrespectQuerya question asked to someoneReputablehaving a good reputationScantbarely sufficient or adequateStimulateencourage action or developmentSyntheticmanmade, or not genuine or sincereTruismstatement that is obviously trueVieeagerly compete to achieve somethingAbscondleave in secret to avoid detectionAffluenthaving a great deal of wealthAntithesisa thing in direct contrast to anotherAugmentadd to something to make it greaterBruntthe worst or chief part of somethingCoaxpersuade or flatter something to actCorpulentbeing fat or overweightDecrypublically criticize or denounceDenouncepublically declare to be wrong or evilDolefulmournful or expressing sorrowEmpiricalbased on evidence or observationExacerbatemake something worseFlagrantobviously offensive or shamelessIgnoblenot honorable in any wayIncisivesharp‐witted and clear‐thinkingInsidioustreacherous and subtly harmfulJollitylively and cheerful activityLugubriouslooking or sounding sadObsoleteout of date or no longer madeParsimoniousunwilling to spend moneyPlacidnot easily upset or excitedPrimstiffly formal and respectableProfferoffer something to be acceptedQuiescentinactive or dormantRequitalsomething given in return/retaliationScathingseverely critical or devastatingStoicnot showing feeling or emotionTacitunderstood without being saidTruncateshorten by cutting top or end offVigilantwatchful, attentive, and observantAbstemiousshowing self‐ restraintAffrontaction that causes offense or outrageApathylack of enthusiasm or concernAuspiciousconducive to successBrusqueabrupt or blunt in mannerCobbleroughly assemble somethingCorroborateconfirm or give supportDepleteexhaust the supply of somethingDouseextinguish or saturateEmulateimitate or surpass somethingExalthold in very high regardFleetinglasting a very short timeGuilesly or cunning intelligenceIgnominioushumiliating or embarrassingInciteencourage or stir up actionInsinuatesuggest or hint at something badJudiciousshowing good judgmentLuminousfull of light, or bright or shiningMollifyappease someone’s anger or anxietyObstinatestubborn and unyieldingPartisanprejudiced in favor of somethingPlagiarizesteal and pass off a thing as your ownProfoundvery great or intenseQuintessentialbeing the perfect example of a thingRescindrevoke, cancel, or repealSciondescendant of a notable familyStolidcalm, dependable, and unemotionalTaciturnreserved or uncommunicativeTumultuousloud, confused, and disorderlyVignettebrief evocative story or accountAbstinenceself‐restraint from an indulgenceAcerbicbitingly bitter in tone or tasteAggrandizemagnify reputation beyond truthApexhighest point or levelAusteresevere or strict in behaviorBucolicpleasantly rural or rusticCoerceforcefully persuade someone to actionDepravedwicked or pervertedDowdyunfashionable in appearanceEncomiumspeech or piece of high praiseExcommunicateexile or expel from a groupFlippantnot serious or respectfulGuilelessinnocent and trustingIlliterateignorant, or unable to read or writeIncoherentexpressed in a confusing wayInsipidboring, or lacking flavor or interestJuxtaposeplace together for contrasting effectMawkishsentimental in a feeble wayMonikerpersonal name or nicknameObtuseannoyingly stupid or insensitivePatheticmiserably inadequatePlatitudecommonplace remark or clichéProfuseexuberantly plentifulQuipmake a witty remark or jokeResilienttough or flexible in difficult timesScrutinizeexamine closely and thoroughlyStrenuousdifficult, tough, or exhaustingTantamountequivalent to or as good as somethingTurbulenceviolent or unsteady movementVilifyspeak or write ill of someoneAbstruseobscure or difficult to understandAggregateform or group into somethingAphorismshort saying of a general truthAutonomousself‐governing or independentBurgeonflourish; or grow or increase rapidlyCollaboratework jointly on an activityCourageousnot deterred by danger or painDeprecateexpress disapproval ofDramatizeexaggerate importance ofEndeavortry hard to do or achieve somethingExecutorone who makes something happenFloridred‐faced; intricate or elaborateGuisecostume meant to conceal identityIlluminelight up; or enlighten someoneIncompetentincapable of doing somethingInsolencedisrespectful and rude behaviorKnackacquired or natural skill at somethingMacabregruesome and horrifyingMoratoriumtemporary halt to somethingObviatemake unnecessary or preventPathosappealing to one’s pity or emotionPlebiancommon or lacking in refinementProgenitoran ancestor or parentRaconteuramusing and skillful storytellerResolvedfully determined to do somethingSecedewithdraw formally from membershipStridentloud and harsh or gratingTapergradually lessen or reduce somethingTurmoilgreat disorder or confusionVirtuosohighly skilled personAbundantexisting in large quantitiesAgileable to move quickly and easilyAplombself‐confidence or poiseAvariceextreme greed for material gainBygonegone by or in the pastCollatecollect and combine in orderCovertsecret or not openly displayedDerelictin poor condition due to neglectDrivelsilly nonsense or gibberishEndowgift a quality, ability, or assetExodusmass departure of peopleFlounderstruggle helplessly or be confusedGullibleeasily persuaded to believeImbecilea stupid or idiotic personIncongruousnot in harmony with somethingInsolventunable to pay debts owedLabyrinthmaze; confusing arrangementMagnanimousvery generous or forgivingMorosegloomy and ill‐ temperedOccludestop, close up, or obstructPatronizetalk down to with fake kindnessPlethoralarge or excessive amountProgenydescendent or offspringRadiateclearly show a feeling or qualityRespiteshort period of rest from difficultySedatecalm, unhurried, and dignifiedStymieprevent or hinder progress ofTediousboring, tiresome, or monotonousTurpitudewickedness or depravityVirtuousrighteous, moral, or ethicalAbysmalextremely bad or appallingAilmentan illness, typically a minor oneApogeehighest point of developmentAversehaving a strong dislike of a thingCacophonysound that is displeasing to hearColloquialused in everyday conversationCravencowardly or lacking in courageDerideridicule or express contempt forDrollunusual in a way that is amusingEnervateweaken or drain energy fromExoneratefree from blame or wrongdoingFloutopenly disobey or disregardGumptioninitiative or resourcefulnessImbibedrink, absorb, or assimilateInconsequentialnot important or significantInstillgradually establish in someone’s mindLackadaisicalcarelessly lazy and unenthusiasticMaladroitunskillful, clumsy, or ineffectiveMortifyembarrass, shame, or humiliateOdiousarousing or deserving hatredPeccadillosmall, relatively unimportant sinPliableeasily bent or influencedProhibitformally forbid somethingRambleconfusingly talk or write at lengthReticentnot expressive of feeling or thoughtSedentarystationary or somewhat inactiveSubdueovercome, quieten, or conquerTemerityexcessive boldness or confidenceTyrannicalcruelly exercising powerVirulentextremely harmful or bitterly hostileAbyssdeep and almost bottomless chasmAlienateisolate, cut off, or divideApologistone who defends somethingAvertprevent, ward off, or turn awayCadgebeg or get by beggingCombativeready or eager to fightCreduloustoo trusting or gullibleDeriveobtain something or arise fromDubiousdoubtful or untrustworthyEngendercause, bring about, or provokeExorbitantunreasonably high (usually price)Foregonehaving completed or gone beforeHackneyedunoriginal or overusedImmaterialunimportant or irrelevantInconspicuousnot clearly visible; unremarkableInsurgencyorganized rebellionLacklusteruninspired or uninspiringMaladydisease, ailment, or disorderMousynervous, shy, or timidOfficiousmeddlesome and opinionatedPedantictoo concerned with details and rulesPluckybrave, courageous, or boldProletariatworkers or the working classRambunctiousuncontrollably rowdy or energeticRetributionpunishment or vengeanceSeditionaction inciting others to rebelSubjugatebring under control or conquerTenabledefensible against attack or objectionTyrobeginner, novice, or newcomerViscousthick, sticky, and syrupyAccedeagree to a demand, request, or treatyAllaydiminish or put fear at restAppallingawful, terrible, or frightfulAvideager or enthusiasticCageywary, cautious, and tight‐lippedCompendiumdetailed collection of somethingCrestfallensad and disappointedDesecrateviolate; treat with violent disrespectDuressthreats or violence to force actionEngrosscompletely hold one’s attentionExorcisedrive out evil or evil spiritsFormulatecarefully create or develop somethingHamperhinder, delay, or interfere withImmigratecome to live in a foreign countryIncontrovertiblenot able to be denied or disputedIntactcomplete or not damagedLaconicusing very few wordsMalevolenthaving a wish to do evil to othersMuddlecause confusion or disorderOminoussuggesting a bad thing will happenPenitenthaving or showing sorrow and regretPlutocratone whose power comes from wealthProliferateincrease rapidly in numbersRancorlongstanding and bitter resentmentRevampgive new and improved formSeedysleazy, shabby, and disreputableSubmissiveready to obey the will of othersTenaciousdetermined and persistentUbiquitouspresent or found everywhereVisionarycreative, inventive, or imaginativeAccentuatemake more noticeableAllegeclaim wrongdoing without proofApparitionghost or ghost‐like image; spiritAxiomstatement that is self‐evidently trueCalamitydisaster causing great damageCompilecollect info to produce somethingCrucibleoccasion of a severe test or trialDesiccateremove interest, passion, or energyEbbgradually lessen or reduceEngulfcompletely cover or surroundExpedientconvenient and advantageousForswearagree to give up or reject somethingHaphazardunplanned and disorderlyImminentabout to happen or loomingIncorrigibleincurable and unashamedIntegratecombine things into a wholeLanguidpleasantly lazy and peacefulMaleficentharmful or evil in intent or effectMalformedmisshapen or deformedMultiplicitylarge number or variety ofOmnipotenthaving unlimited powerPoisegrace, elegance, and dignityPromptcause an action or feelingRapaciousaggressively greedy or graspingReverefeel deep respect or admiration forSelf‐effacingmodest and humbleSubordinateone under another’s authorityTentativenot certain or fixed; hesitantUmbrageoffense or annoyanceVivaciousattractively lively and animatedAcclaimenthusiastic and public praiseAllegoricalsymbolic with hidden meaningAppeasepacify, satisfy, gratify, or relieveBanalboring and unoriginalCallousheartless, uncaring, and coldComplacentsmug or self‐ satisfiedCruxmost important or decisive pointDespondentextremely discouragedEbullientcheerful and full of energyEnigmaa mystery, puzzle, or riddleExpenditureamount of money spentFortitudecourage in pain or adversityHaranguelong, critical, and aggressive speechImmortalizeconfer enduring fame uponIncriminatestrongly imply the guilt of someoneIntegrityquality of being moral or wholeLanguishgrow weak or feebleMaliciousintending or meant to do harmMundaneboring, everyday, or monotonousOmnipresentpresent everywherePensiveengaged in deep or serious thoughtPolarizedivide into contrasting groupsPropensitynatural tendency to behave in a wayRapturouscausing great joy or enthusiasmRevulsionsense of disgust and loathingSequesterisolate, hide away, or confiscateSubsequentcoming after something in timeTenuousvery weak, flimsy, or doubtfulUnanimousfully in agreement from all partiesVivifybring to life or animateAcclimateadjust or adapt to new conditionsAlleviatemake suffering less severeAmenableeasily influenced or controlledBanefulcausing harm, ruin, or deathCajolepersuade into action by coaxingCamaraderiemutual trust and friendshipCompliantinclined to obey or agree with othersDetractbelittle, diminish, or distractEccentricunconventional and a little strangeEnlighteninform or give insightExplicateanalyze in order to reveal meaningFortuitoushappening by lucky chanceHardycapable of enduring difficultyImmutablepermanent or cannot be changedIncumbentcurrently in office or needed for dutyIntermentburial of a corpse in a tomb or graveLanguortiredness, inertia, or fatigueMalignevil in nature or effectMunificentmore generous than necessaryOmniscienthaving unlimited knowledgePenultimatesecond to last in a series of thingsPompousirritatingly self‐ important or grandPropitiatewin or regain the favor of someoneRarefymake rare, thin, or less denseRhetoricart of effective languageSerendipitousoccurring by happy chanceSubservientprepared to fully obey othersTepidlukewarm or unenthusiasticUnctuousexcessively flattering; oilyVolatileinconstant, flighty, or explosiveAccoladean honor, award, or praiseAllusionindirect or passing referenceApprobationapproval, praise, or admirationBedlamscene of uproar and confusionCanardunfounded rumor or story; lieCompulsoryrequired by law or rule; obligatoryCulminatereach highest point of developmentDetrimentaltending to cause harmEclecticderiving from wide variety of sourcesEnmityhostility towards somethingExploituse in an unfair or selfish wayFounderfail or break down, due to a problemHarpdiscuss excessively and tediouslyImpartgift knowledge; communicateIndeliblecannot be removed or forgottenIntermittentnot continuous or steadyLankyungracefully thin and tallMalingerpretend illness to escape workMustercollect, assemble, or gatherOnerousoppressively burdensomePenuriousextremely poor or stingyPonderousheavy, slow, and clumsyPropagatespread and promote widelyRectitudemorally correct behavior/thinkingRhetoricalasked for effect, not for an answerServileexcessively willing to serve or pleaseSubsidymoney granted for assistanceTerminatebring to a conclusionUncouthlacking manners or graceVolitionpower to make your own choicesAccompliceone who helps commit a crimeAloofuninvolved or unsociableArrogatetake without justificationBehesturgent request, order, or commandCandidbluntly honest and truthfulConceitedexcessively proud of oneself; vainCulpableguilty or deserving blameDeviatedepart from established courseEconomicallow‐cost but good value; prudentEnrapturegive intense pleasure or joy toExpoundexplain an idea in detailFrankopen, honest, and directHaughtyarrogantly superior or proudImpassionedshowing or filled with great emotionIndigenousoriginal or native to a placeIntimateimply, hint, or make knownLargessegenerosity through gifting moneyMalleableeasily influenced or pliableMutinyopen rebellion against authorityOpinehold and state as one’s opinionPeonlow ranking day laborerPontificatepompously express opinionsProsaiclacking poetic beauty; dullRaucousmaking a harsh and loud noiseRifewidespread and uncheckedShrewdintelligent, clever, and perceptiveSubsistenceminimal means to maintain lifeTersebrief and to the point; abruptUniformconsistent or of similar formVolubleenergetically talking nonstopAccostconfront someone aggressivelyAltruisticunselfish or charitableArbitrarybased on a whim rather than reasonBeliedisguise, disprove, or contradictCalumnyspoil a reputation by spreading liesCanonicalconforming to established rulesConciliatestop someone’s anger; pacifyDeviousskilled in deceitful tacticsEcstaticfull of overwhelming joyEnthrallfully hold the attention ofExpurgateremove offensive material fromFraughtfilled with (negative)Impassivenot feeling or showing emotionIndigentpoor, poverty‐ stricken, or needyLassitudephysical or mental wearinessMalodoroussmelling very unpleasantMyriadcountless or great in numberOpprobriumharsh criticism or censurePerfidiousdeceitful and untrustworthyPortendforeshadow a great event will occurPreeminentsurpassing all othersProscribeforbid, denounce, or condemnRavenousextremely hungry or very greatReprobatecondemn strongly as unacceptableRigorousvery thorough or demandingSkepticone who doubts accepted opinionsSubstantiateprovide evidence to support truthTheoreticalof ideas rather than experienceUnkemptmessy or untidy appearanceVoluminouslarge in volume or spaceAccrueaccumulate gradually (money)Amalgamatecombine or unite into a single wholeArcaneunderstood by few; mysteriousBelittlemake something seem unimportantCantankerousbad‐tempered and argumentativeConciseexplained fully in few wordsCulturededucated, polished, and refinedDexterityskill and grace in movementEcumenicaluniversal in applicabilityEntrepreneurrisk‐taker who creates a businessExtirpateroot out and destroy completelyFiscalof or relating to financial mattersFrivolousnot serious in purpose or valueHeartyloudly vigorous and cheerfuImpeccableflawless, spotless, or faultlessIndignantanger at unfair treatmentIntoxicateexcite, exhilarate, or stupefyLatitudescope for freedom of action/thoughtMannerismhabitual way of acting or speakingOpulentoverly rich, lavish, or luxuriousPerforatepierce and make holes in somethingPosterityall future generationsProsperousbringing wealth and successRazecompletely destroy or demolishRivetingcompletely engrossingSalientmost noticeable or importantSubtledifficult to detect or understandTherapeutichealing or correctiveUnobtrusivenot attracting attentionVoraciousinsatiable or unquenchableAcmehighest or most perfect pointAmasscollect a large amount over timeArchaicvery old or old‐ fashionedBellicoseaggressive or willing to fightCapacioushaving a great deal of space insideConcuragree with or coincideCupidityexcessive desire or greedDesiroushaving or expressing desireEffectthe result of an action or causeEphemerallasting for a very short timeExtolpraise enthusiasticallyFrugalvery careful with money/resourcesHeckleaggressively or abusively interruptImpecunioushaving little or no moneyIndistinctnot clear or sharply definedIntractablestubborn or hard to controlLaudabledeserving praise or commendationManumitrelease from slavery or set freeNadirlowest point in fortunesOratorskilled public speakerPerfunctorycasually and hastily completedPotentateruler or one who holds powerPrototypeoriginal or first modelRebukesharply scold someoneRobuststrong and healthy; powerfulSlavishsubmissive or unoriginalSuccinctbriefly and clearly expressedThriftyvery careful with money/resourcesUndulatemove with a wavelike motionVouchconfirm truth via experienceAcolytea devoted follower or attendantAmbidextrousable to use both hands equally wellArchetypevery typical example of a thingBelligerenteager to be hostile or aggressiveCapitulatesurrender or cease to resistCondescendshow feelings of superiorityCurativeable to heal or cure somethingDiatribeverbal attack against somethingEffervescenthigh‐spirited or enthusiasticEpicureandevoted to the pursuit of pleasureExtraneousirrelevant or unrelatedExtrovertedfocused outwardly rather than inFulsomeflattering to an excessive degreeHedonismthe strict pursuit of pleasureImpededelay or prevent by obstructionIndoctrinateteach someone to accept beliefsIntransigencethe refusal to compromiseLavishextravagantly rich or luxuriousMarimpair the appearance ofNascentjust beginning or developingOrdinancean authoritative orderPerilousfull of danger or riskPragmatismbelief in practical practices in lifeProtractedlasting longer than expectedRebuttalan attempt to refute an argumentRousecause to feel angry or excitedSucculentnaturally juicy or tastyThrivegrow or develop vigorouslyUnscrupuloushaving no moral principlesWaiforphan or abandoned childAcquiesceaccept without protestAmbiguousopen to more than one interpretationArdententhusiastic or passionateBequeathleave or give a thing to someoneCapriciousgiven to sudden changes in moodCursoryhastily done and not thoroughDiaphanouslight, delicate, and translucentDidacticintended to instruct or teachEfficaciouscapable of causing a desired resultEpiloguea conclusion at the end of a book/playEpiphanymoment of sudden insightExuberantfilled with lively energyFundamentalof central importanceImpendingabout to happen or occurIndolentwanting to avoid activity or exertionIntrepidfearless or adventurousMartyrperson killed for their beliefsNarcissistichaving excessive love for oneselfOrthodoxconforming to what is traditionalPeripatetictraveling from place to placePrattletalk at length in a foolish wayProvisocondition attached to an agreementQuixoticunrealistic and impracticalRecalcitrantresisting control or authorityRuddyhaving a healthy red colorSobrietyseriousness or clear‐headednessSuccumbsubmit to a superior forceThwartprevent something that may occurUpbraidscold or find fault with someoneWanedecrease gradually in sizeAcquitclear someone of criminal chargesAmbivalenthaving mixed or uncertain feelingsAridhaving little or no rain; dryBeratescold or criticize someone angrilyCaricatureexaggeration of a thing for comedyConferexchange opinions or ideasCusptransition point of two states of beingDiffidentshy due to lack of self‐confidenceEffigya sculpture or model of a personEpisodicirregular and occasionalFabricateinvent something to be deceitfulFurtivesecretive due to guiltHegemonydominance by one state over othersImperativeof vital or crucial importanceIndomitableimpossible to subdue or defeatIntriguearouse the curiosity ofLeerycautious or leery with suspicionMaelstromstate of confusing or violent turmoilNebulousin the form of a cloud or hazeOssifiedbecome rigid or cease developmentPeripheralon the edge; of minor importancePrecariousnot securely held or in positionProvocativepurposely causing strong reactionRecluseperson who lives a solitary lifeRudimentaryprimitive, basic, or undevelopedSojourna temporary stay somewhereSuffusegradually spread through or overTimoroussuffering from fear or nervousnessUrbanesuave and polished in mannerWantoncruelly deliberate and unprovokedAbrogaterepeal or do away withAcridhaving a bitter taste or smellAmbrosialextremely pleasing to the tasteAristocrata member of a ruling classBereavedsuffering the loss of a loved oneCarpcomplain or find fault inCynicaldistrustful of the motives of othersDiffusespread over a wide areaEffronteryinsolent or brazen behaviorEpitaphan inscription on a tombstoneFaçadeappearance that gives false ideasFusilladea rapid series of shots firedHeinousutterly evil or wickedImperiousarrogant and domineeringIndulgentoverly generous to or lenientIntrinsicbeing essential to a thing’s natureLenientinclined to be mercifulMaudlintearfully emotional and sentimentalNefariousevil, wicked, or criminalOstensiblepossibly true but maybe notPerpetuitythe quality of lasting foreverPrecedentan example for future occurrencesProximitystate of closeness to somethingRecognizancea promise made before a courtRuefullyexpressing sorrow or regretSolventable to pay one’s debtsSummithighest level that can be reachedToadyone who flatters hoping for favorsUsurptake power illegally by forceWheedleemploy flattery to persuadeAcrimoniousbitter and angry in speech or toneAmelioratemake a bad condition betterAromatichaving a pleasant or distinctive smellBestowpresent a gift or honorCastigatescold someone severelyConflagrationa large destructive fireDauntlessfearless and determinedDigressleave the main subject brieflyEgalitarianrelating to equal rights for allEpithetdescriptive nickname or labelFacetiousmeant to be funny or sarcasticGainsaydeny or contradict a fact or statementHeretica person against established beliefsImpermanentnot lasting or durableIndustriousdiligent and hardworkingIntrovertedfocused inwardly rather than outLethargicsluggish and apatheticMaximshort statement of general truthNegligibleinsignificant and unimportantOstentatiousmeant to impress and attract noticePerplexcompletely confuse or baffle someonePrecipiceedge or brink of danger or perilPrudentexercising good judgmentReconciliationrestoration of friendly relationsRuminatethink deeply about somethingSomnolencesleepiness or drowsinessSundersplit, break, or wrench apartTorpidmentally or physically inactiveUtmostmost extreme or greatestWhimsicalplayfully fanciful; unpredictableAcumenability to make good judgmentsAmendmake better or improveArsonact of setting fire to propertyBewildercause someone to be confusedCatharticproviding psychological reliefConfoundcause confusion in someoneDeadpandeliberately expressionlessDiligentmarked by steady or earnest effortEgotisticalself‐centered or blatantly pridefulEpitomea perfect example of somethingFacileeffortlessly done in a superficial wayGalvanizeshock or excite into actionHaplessunfortunate or unluckyImpertinentnot showing proper respectIneffablebeyond words or indescribableIntuitiveknown/perceived by intuitionLetteredformally educated or learnedMediateintervene between two partiesNemesisa long‐standing rival or archenemyOstracizeexclude someone from a groupPerseverancesteadfastness in action or beliefPrecociousoverly mature at a young agePseudonymfake name used to conceal identityRecuperaterecover from illness or exertionRumpusa noisy disturbanceSoporifictending to induce drowsinessSuperciliousacting like one is superior to othersTortuousfull of twists and turns; complicatedVacillatebe indecisive or waverWillfulintentional or deliberateAcuteexperienced to an intense degreeAmiablehaving a pleasant mannerArticulateexpress an idea fluentlyBiasedunfairly prejudiced for or againstCausticsarcastic in a bitter wayCongenialagreeable, friendly, and pleasantDeartha scarcity or lack of somethingDinloud, prolonged, and irksome noiseEgregiousoutstandingly bad or shockingEquablecalm and even‐ temperedFacsimilean exact copy of printed materialsGambita sacrificial move to gain advantageHeterogeneousconsisting of dissimilar partsImpetuousdone quickly and without thoughtInepthaving or showing no skillInundateoverwhelm with things; floodLeviathansomething very large and powerfulManifoldnumerous and variousNeophytea person new to a subject or skillOutliera thing that differs from rest of groupPersnicketytoo concerned about trivial thingsPrecursorone who comes before; ancestorPsychethe mind or spirit of a personRefugeprotection from dangerSabotagedestroy or hinder for advantageSordidinvolving immoral actions or motivesSuperficialon the surface or without depthTousledmade disordered or tangledVagueof unclear or uncertain meaningWinsomecharming in look or characterAdagea proverb expressing a truthAmicablefriendly or good‐ naturedArtificetrickery or deceptionBigota person intolerant of othersCavaliershowing a lack of proper concernConnivingconspiring to do something illegalDebaclea sudden failure or fiascoDirgea lament, song, or poem for the deadEgressexit or leave a placeEquanimitycomposure under difficult situationsFallacya mistaken or false beliefGamutcomplete scope or range of somethingHiatusa pause or gap in a processImpishinclined to cause trouble for funInertlacking the ability to moveInvaluableextremely useful or indispensableLevitylack of appropriate seriousnessMaledictiona curse or damnationMegalomaniaobsession with the exercise of powerNepotismfavoring relatives/ friends with powerPertinentrelevant to a particular matterPuerilechildishly silly and trivialRefuteprove something to be wrongSaccharineexcessively sweet or sentimentalSemblanceoutward form or appearanceSparsethinly dispersed or scatteredSuperfluousmore than is requiredToutaggressively try to sell somethingValiantpossessing courage or determinationWistfulhaving vague or regretful longingAdamantuncompromising or inflexibleAmitya friendly relationshipAscertainlearn or find out somethingBillowswell out, surge, or rise upCaveata specific warning or conditionConscientiouswishing to do what is rightDebasedreduced in quality or valueDiscernperceive a thing clearlyElatedfull of high spirits and happinessEquivocateuse unclear words to hide the truthFalliblecapable of making mistakesGarblereproduce a thing in a distorted wayHideboundnot willing to accept new ideasImplementput something into effectInevitablean unavoidable situationInvariablyoccurring always or at all timesLiberalopen to new ideas in lieu of traditionsMelancholya feeling of gloomy sadnessNirvanastate of happiness and peaceOvertobviously done or shown openlyPeruseread something in a careful wayPredispositiona tendency to act in a particular wayPugnaciouseager or quick to argueRelica historical item that exists todaySagaciousshrewd with good judgmentSpeciousfalsely appearing to be right or fairSupersedesupplant or take the place ofTranquilfree from tension or turmoilVapidlacking excitement or challengeWitherbecome dry and shriveledAbstainrestrain oneself from somethingAdeptvery skilled at somethingAmnestyan official pardon from offensesAscetichaving severe self‐ disciplineBlasélacking interest due to familiarityCensureexpress severe disapprovalConservativeliking tradition and cautious of changeDebilitatemake someone weak and infirmDisconcertingtroubling or unsettlingElegya poem of serious reflectionEradicatedestroy completely or put to an endFanaticperson filled with excessive passionHindrancea thing that obstructs anotherImperviousimpenetrable or cannot be affectedImpingehave a negative impact on; intrudeImplicitimplied but not plainly expressedInvectiveabusive or highly critical languageLibertinehaving a disregard for moralityMellifluoussweet and pleasant to hearMendaciousnot telling the truth; lyingOxymoroncontradictory terms side by sidePervasivespreading widely through an areaPreemptiveintended to forestallPuissanthaving great power or influenceRemittancea sum of money spent for servicesSalubrioushealth‐giving or healthySpectrumthe entire range of somethingSupplantsupersede and replace somethingTranscendgo beyond the range or limits ofWizenedshriveled or wrinkled with ageAmorousrelating to sexual attractionAnodynenot likely to offend or arouse tensionAsinineextremely stupid or foolishBlasphemespeak badly about God or religionCharlatana fraud trying to deceive othersConsortassociate with another repeatedlyDebunkexpose the falseness of a thingDiscorda lack of harmony between thingsElicitevoke or draw something forthErraticunpredictable or irregularFarcean absurd event or play; a mockeryGarrulousexcessively talkativeHithertoup to this point or timeImpotenthelpless or powerlessInfatuationan intense but short lived passionInvidiouslikely to cause anger in othersLicentiouslacking legal or moral restraintsMemoranduma record made for future useNonchalantappearing casually calm and relaxedPacifyquell the anger or excitement ofParagonperfect example of somethingPreliminaryaction before one more importantPungentsharply strong in taste or smellRemonstratesay or plead in protestSalutaryhaving a good or helpful resultSpoofa humorous imitation of a thingSupplemoving easily and gracefullyTransgressmisbehave or break the rulesVariegateadd interest by giving variety toWreakcause damage or harm to a thingAdjournsuspend with intent to resumeAmorphouswithout defined shape or formAsphyxiatekill with depravation of airBlatantdone openly and unashamedlyCharywarily reluctant to do somethingConsummateof the highest degreeDebutfirst appearance in a role or capacityDiscreetcautious in one’s speech or actionsEloquencefluent speaking or writingErroneouswrong, incorrect, or mistakenFastidiousconcerned about accuracy and detailGaucheunsophisticated and awkwardHolisticrelating to wholes rather than partsImpracticalnot sensible or realisticInferdeduce by evidence or reasonIrascibleeasily prone to anger or outburstsLimbercapable of being shaped or bentMenageriea zoo or varied mixture of thingsNovicean inexperienced personPalatablehaving a pleasant or agreeable tastePetrouslike stone in hardnessPrematureoccurring before the proper timePunitiveintended as punishmentRestiveimpatient and stubbornSanctionformally punish or give approval toSporadicinfrequent or irregularSupplementenhance by adding an extra element toTransientlasting only a short timeVehementshowing strong and intense feelingWrestyank a thing from another’s graspAdmonishwarn or scold someoneAmpleenough or more than enoughAspirationa hope of achieving somethingBlathertalk long without making senseChastiseseverely scold or reprimandContemporaryin the present, up‐ to‐date, or modernDecadentluxuriously self‐ indulgent; corruptDiscrepancylack of similarity between factsElucidatemake something clear; explainErsatzinferiorly artificial or not genuineFeralwild, untamed, or savageGaudyextravagantly bright or showyHomagespecial honor shown publiclyImprovidencecarelessness with moneyInflammatoryintended to arouse angerIratefeeling or showing great angerLimpidcompletely clear and uncloudedMercurialunpredictable in mood or mindNoxiouspoisonous or very unpleasantPalpableable to be touched or felt; plain to seePettyof very little importancePreposterouscontrary to common sensePurifyremove contaminates fromRemuneratepay someone for servicesSanctuarya place of refuge or safetySprightlylively and full of energySurfeitan excessive amount of a thingTransitorylasting only a short timeVacuouslacking thought or intelligenceVenerableworthy of great respectAbjurereject or renounce somethingAdroitskillful with hands or mindAnarchistone for abolishing laws and orderApoplecticovercome with angerAssertstate a fact forcefullyBlightsomething that destroysChicaneryuse of trickery to achieve a goalContemptfeeling a thing is worthlessDefamatoryinjurious to one’s reputationDisdainfeeling something is unworthyEmaciatewaste away physicallyEruditehaving or showing great knowledgeFatuousvery silly and pointlessGermanerelevant to a considered subjectHomogeneousalike or of the same kindImprudentshowing no care for consequencesIngeniousclever, original, or inventiveNihilisticbelieving that life is meaninglessNuancea subtle difference in meaningPaltrysmall or meager amountPetulancethe quality of being bad‐temperedPrerequisiterequired as a prior conditionPuristvery strict follower of traditionRenegego back on a promiseSanguineoptimistic or positiveSpururge, encourage, or stimulateSurlybad‐tempered and unfriendlyTransmutechange in form or substanceVenerateregard with great respectZealgreat enthusiasm and energy forAdulatepraise someone excessivelyAnathemaa thing someone intensely dislikesAnomalya thing not normal or expectedAssiduousshowing great care and perseveranceBlandishcoax with kind words or flatteryCircumlocutionuse of many words to be evasiveContentiouslikely to cause an argumentDeferpostpone; submit to one’s wishesDisparagetreat as weak, bad, or unimportantEmanatespread out or originate fromEsotericlikely understood by few peopleFawngive exaggerated flattery for favorGingerlyshowing great care or cautionHomonymsimilar words with differing meaningsImpudentnot showing respect for anotherIngenuousinnocent, naïve, or trustingIrrefutableimpossible to deny or disproveLingerstay somewhere longer than neededMeticulousshowing great attention to detailNugatoryof no value or importancePanaceaa solution for all difficultiesPhenomenona thing observed but hard to explainPrerogativea right exclusive to a certain classPusillanimouslacking courage or determinationRepentexpress sincere regretSpurioussomething fake or falseSurmiseassume truth without evidenceTransposetransfer to a different placeVerbatimin exactly the same words first usedZenithhighest point or state of