PLSC 230 FInal Qs
How do you think the Australian ballot adds to the suppression of voter participation?
Literacy tests, requiring people to meet certain requirements to vote (specifically marginalized voters)
Voter files are useful to campaigns because they…?
Voting history and address/ contact information; how to target/ market to you
Enables you to target campaigns nad know more about the people you are reaching out to
“What a campaign needs to know about people”
William Meckean did what?
Front porch campaign
First campaign era, why is it known as the pre-democracy era?
The state legislatures choose candidates; gatekeeping
If a political organization decided to use most of its resources on TV ads what type of practice is that?
Wholesale politics: mass audience
Tammany Hall, a powerful political machine often provided party supporters in the public sector. What progressive reform might weaken this type of machine and thus the party?
Civil service reforms so they aren’t politically tied
Which of the following organizations don’t have to disclose their donors
501( C)
Candidates are required to report to the FEC how much from donors.
200
Arguing for the American system of campaign finance
Those in support of open money supported this b/c they supported free speech
Opportunity for interest groups and individuals to have a voice
Impact of Citizen United decision
High impact as corporation donation restrictions on private/ corporate donations
What is the incumbency advantage
Vote share earned compared to a non incumbent would have earned
What type of congressional candidate’s raise the most money on average?
incumbents
You decide to run for congress. What conditions are you more likely to win
Open seat
What % of congressional incumbents win elections?
80-95
Most Competitive congressional elections typically feature what?
Quality challenger vs quality challenger
In this case the incumbent has stepped down; incumbent is not a quality challenger
Serious congressional candidates are said to be strategic, what do we mean by being strategic?
Only enter the race when their chances/ perspective of winning are good
If a member of congress send mail without postage, why would they do that
Franking privilege: members of Congress can send mail to constituents w/out postage
Recently the Club for Growth has begun supporting candidates for office
Interest group
Why are congressional primary elections often uncontested?
Incumbents can discourage potential challengers
How do primary elections increas ethe competitiveness of congressional elections
They allow others to run; creating contested elections and jurisdiction is dominated by one party
Florida voters considered the anti-gambling amendment to be known as what?
Referendum: An actual document
Tur or false; turn out in off-cycle elections is lower than in state-federal elections
True
Legislators in professionalized legislators are often reelected at what rate compared to non-professionalized?
Higher
During the 2024 election, Harris's popularity helped the Democratic party gain seats in the House and Senate. Would we say it is related to her coattails, Biden, or something else?
Hers
Why were non-partisan elections created?
A progressive era reform to curb the power of political machines
How do national forces affect the results of state elections?
State and local do better when pres is doing well; high correlation
What kind of initiative campaigns involve a great deal of money and tasks are done by professionals?
Ballot initiatives
What is the most common form of political participation?
voting
What is the trend in voter turnout in recent elections?
It has gone up 90s-today
Was a decline from the 70s-the 90s (for the total number of voters)
What was the Motor Voter Act?
DMVs can register people to vote which decreases registration costs
The intent was to lower voter registration costs
Partisan strength matters the most for what?
For voting in elections
Negative partisanship
Decrease turnout
Increase turnout
Increase donations
Not consistently connected to the turnout
The most accurate predator models of 2020 focused on which factor of the election outcome?
economy
What is priming regarding choosing a candidate (campaigns)?
The campaign uses the media to focus on what voters should vote for
Which candidates are likely to benefit more when the economy is doing well?
incumbent
And vice versa
What is the most important factor that impacts voting in the US?
Partisan identification
When deciding how to vote Americans are more likely to rely on?
Short cuts, rule of thumb
If a group of millionaires donates a lot to campaigns and PACs, thus gaining more influence over others in the state would be called participatory inequality; T/F
True
Which of the following depressing American elections?
High costs of voting, two-step voting, election day on work day
When do people vote?
Stakes are high
States mail a ballot
Celebrities encourage them
Partisanship isn’t part of the campaign
When the trump campaign used the immigration issue to court democratic voter who favored stricter immigration to their side they were?
Persuade
targeting
Mobilize
Cross pressured
Why do political consults encourage candidates to repeat basic messages across their campaigns?
Because they don’t think voters have high enough political interests
What have studies shown to be the most powerful influence on party
Family, specifically parents
Why is legalization of marijuana a wedge issue?
It has support from two major political parties
What is the relationship between an individual’s level of partisanship and their political participation?
More partisanship= more participation, more investment in the success of their party
How does party identification function as a filter?
Individuals tend to accept info from parties from the party they identify with and ignore the opposition
What helps us to understand how voters access ideological and issue positions of candidates when voting?
Median voter theorem
Sociotropic voting is?
A form of retrospective voting; the overall performance of the economy in the country
What is the strongest predictor of how likely they are to participate in politics?
Education
A voter's race, ethnic, gender, and religion are correlated with partisan preference, this is rooted in and encouraged by different parties. A white evangelical was likely to support which candidate in 2020?
Trump
2024 election, which of these things isn’t true; false
Harris made significant gains over biden in 2020; False
Trump didn’t better in hispanic areas compared to 2020; false
Dem area superted trump more; true
Women voted more for Harris, trump men; True
Cost benefit analysis;
figuring out who is going to vote- P(v)= pB-C
Most local campaigns are which if the following
Publicized well
Almost Invisible
Gossip
Organized by political professionals
What do campaigns call the promotion they get from engaging in promotional activity
Earned media
In 2024 election, biden was more likely to receive support from those with less racial resentment t/f; True
The idea of loser consent does what
Recognizes the importance of losing candidate to conceding to the race so their voters accept the winner
If a campaign consulting company conducts a survey in the city where many people don’t have phones, what would be the potential issue?
Might not representative of the broader population
Which of the following difference of political behavior between men and women
Women are more likely to vote; more active since the 80s
The data bases employed from modern campaigns do which of the following
Contain info primarily in state voter files
Focus on precinct states
Merge it from state census and private marketing
Limited by privacy laws
Why is trump’s campaign and messaging populist
Focuses on anti-elitism, particularly a elite serving a government