MK464 Marketing Management
- Lecture One
- Marketing Management :: science choosing target markets, getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value
- STP :: segmenting market on demographics, etc , targeting (picking two best alternatives) , positioning (how to be perceived by target market comparative to competitors)
- two approaches to product positioning
- head to head positioning :: right against competitors
- differentiation position :: different thant competitiors
- perceptual maps :: identify important attributes, detect rating for competing products or brands, determine customer ratings,
- indicates :: how perceived, who competition,
- market segmentation :: into groups that have common needs, respond similarly to market action
- homogenous cluster in heterogenous market
- Product differentiation :: physical attributes (color), non-physical attributes (price)
- 5 key steps in segmenting and targeting markets
- group potential buyers into segments :: simplicity/cost effectiveness, potential for inc profit, sim needs, diff of needs, potential of reaching segment
- group products to be sold into categories :: product class (ex snack), product forms (candy fruit), product items (fruit roll-ups), product lines ( m&ms), why product categorization important in marketing = substitution
- dev market-product grid and estimate size of markets :: forming *market-product grid, estimating market size
- Selecting target markets :: choose target market segment
- take marketing actions :: dev market product grid ⇒ trigger marketing actions to increase sales and profit
- Marketing seeks to :: find needs wants and satisfy them
- common goal of marketing :: create utility (benefits/CValue by users of prod.)
- 4 diff types of utilities
- form utility :: converting raw materials to final product
- Time utility :: avail goods and services when consumers want
- Place utility :: avail of goods/services at convenient locations
- Ownership :: ability to transfer title to goods or services from marketer to buyer
- marketing myopia :: failure to recognize scope of biz
- focus on cust need satisfaction :: overcome myopia
- Visonary organizations
- Organizational foundation (why)
- core values
- mission (vision)
- organizational culture
- Organizational direction (what)
- Business
- Goals (objectives
- long-term
- short-term
- Organizational Strategies (how)
- by level
- by product
- *general Marketing strategy :: analyze (5Cs), decision(aspiration (STP), Action Plan(4Ps), outcome
- marketing plan :: roadmap of org specified time period 1-5 years
- variation by level :: corporate, Subordinate business unit (SBU) = smaller companies, Functional (every company have separate dept
- variation by product/offering :: product, service, Idea
- organizational direction (how) :: programming allocating budgeting, implementation, monitoring and auditing, analysis and research
- generic strategies (how)
- Cost leadership :: leading in cost, cheapest cost to produce,
- differentiation :: better quality, better then the rest of competitors
- growth strategies (how)
- Market penetration :: tapping in existing markets/products to inc
- market development :: existing product for new market
- product development :: new product in existing market
- diversification :: reaching out with new product in new market
- 5 C analysis
- company :: SWOT analysis
- competition :: direct competitor, substitute,
- customer
- Decision making Unit (DMU)→who is involved in purchase process
- initiator :: recog value of solving issue so stimulate search of product
- gatekeeper :: act as prob/product experts and control info/access to other members of DMU
- decider :: make purchase choice
- influencer :: input on purchaser
- purcahser :: consume prod
- users :: use product
- Decision making process (DMP) :: what their decision process is like
- consumer behavior :: function interpersonal(people around you) /personal(demographic) factors
- 5 stages of decision Process ::
- problem recognition
- information search
- alternative evaluation
- purchase decision
- post-purchase behavior
- collaborators :: collaborator analysis (every pos external resource/asset)
- context
- environment
- political legal
- technological
- social-cultural
- economic
- competitive
- Time
- Porter's 5 forces ::
- threat of new entrants
- bargaining power of buyers
- bargaining power of suppliers
- threat of substitutes
- intensity of competitive rivalry
- Why (foundation)
- Core values :: fundamental, passionate, enduring principles of an organization that guide its conduct over time
- Collective heart and soul of organization
- Motivates Stakeholders
- Timeless
- Guide Conduct
- Mission/ Vision :: statement of organization function in society that often identifies its customers, markets, products and technologies
- Organizational Culture :: consists of set of values, ideas, attitudes and norms of behavior that is learned and shared among the members of an organization
- goals (objectives) should be S.M.A.R.T ::
- Specific
- Measurable
- Attainable
- Relevant
- Time-Based
- Track performance : measure
- in order to measure :: programming, allocating, and budgeting / implementation / monitoring and auditing / analysis research
- Framework for marketing strategy formation reading
- buyer stickiness :: resistance to switch easily from one supplier to another
- churn :: measure of customer attrition, churn rate is 100%- customer retention %rate, meas. customers who discontinue service/subscription within specified time period
- coolhunting :: observing and predicting emergence and changes in cultural trends, fashion, popular music, urban lifestyle, uses of tech etc.
- distribution channels :: network of indiv/org inv in process of moving product/service from others in perception of cust.
- positioning :: defining value proposition for target segments, differentiating product/service from others in perception of customers
- product line :: groups of products manufactured by firm close related in use and in production and marketing requirements
- product line Breadth :: variety and # of product lines offered
- pull strat :: involv motivating cust to seek brand in active process (advertising, customer relationship management (CRM)
- push strat :: ensure cust aware of brand at point of purch. (direct selling to cust, packaging design, Point of sale (POS) dispay
- segmentation :: planning process dividing broad target market into subsets/groups of cust w common needs/characteristics
- targeting :: selecting potential customer segments to whom company wishes to sell products/services after analysis of ea. segments attractiveness
- Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning (STP) :: segment market (find groups within a market), Targeting (zone in on those groups further to few or one), Positioning (act like consumer, make product around consumer, keep them in mind)
- porters five forces :: customer, company, collaborators, competition, context
- customer :: who involved in purchase decision