Wicked Problems - W7

Problem where stakeholders disagree about certain stipulations on problems

→ Examples:

• Indigenous affairs

• Climate change

• Housing crisis

Characteristics of Wicked Problems

→ Difficult to define

→ No stopping rule (at some point, theres got to be a stopping point after you’ve collected all the data you need and can continue the policy process)

→ Good or bad solutions, rather than true or false

→ No immediate test for solutions

→ Have no clear solution

→ Every set of problems is a unique problem

→ Can be a symptom of another problem

→ Solution attempts may not be reversible or forgettable

→ Always has multiple explanations

→ Needs to have complexity, uncertainty, and value divergence

→ Negative externalities

→ Contested knowledge

Characteristics of Super-Wicked Problems:

→ Time constraint

→ May require a centralised approach

→ Same actors causing the problem also seem to solve it

→ Future is discounted, contemporary solutions decrease in value

Tobacco Wars:

→ Policy Instruments

• Prices

• Government’s approach to discouraging cigarettes use

  → Campaigns on the actual products

→ Problems wanting to be Solved:

• Illicit import of cigarettes

• Turf wars rising because of illicit cigarettes

• Nudging / Targeting Usage

Turf Wars:

• government policy relating to controlling cigarettes

• enforced or regulated

• ABF, AFP, Local businesses, international retailers

• do we hit at the root, or hit where it is now? punishment or incentives>

• however, tobacco government is good for economy because of tax

Addiction and Consumption:

• Medical issues - withdrawals, lead to overdose

• Socialised and normalised

• Department Health Aging,

• Retailers - accessibility

• Governemt

• ATO

• Consumer and Business Services

• Food safety, SA HEALTH

• consumers