Binary Addition & Overflow Error

Binary Addition Rules

  • 0+0=0
  • 1+0=1
  • 0+1=1
  • 1+1=0 (carry 1)
  • 1+1+1=1 (carry 1)

Performing Binary Addition (Method)

  • Write numbers in columns, LSB to MSB.
  • Apply rules row by row, moving left.
  • Record any carry above the next column.
  • Keep result to required bit-length (e.g.
    a byte = 8 bits).

Checking Answers

  • Convert each operand and result back to denary.
  • Ensure \text{denary A}+\text{denary B}=\text{denary result}.

Overflow Error

  • Occurs when the calculated value needs more bits than the field allows.
  • Typical byte limit: max 111111112 = 255{10}.
  • Extra carry beyond MSB is lost ⇒ wrong stored value.
  • Example: 10010111 + 10000001 = 00011000 in 8 bits; true answer needs 9 bits, so overflow.

Key Terms

  • Binary
  • Carry bit
  • Overflow error
  • 8-bit / byte