political ideologies
Criteria | Communism | Socialism | Capitalism | Fascism |
|---|
Type of government | Dictatorship by force, if necessary | Democracy | Democracy | Dictatorship by force, if necessary |
Acquisition and retention of power | One-party system, opposition parties banned | Free election, multi-party system, opposition parties allowed | Free election, multi-party system, opposition parties allowed | One-party system, opposition parties banned |
Electoral process | One-party system | Multi-party system | Multi-party system | One-party system |
Type of economy | Command | Command | Market | Market |
Government involvement in the economy | Full control | Full to high control | Little control | Little control (as long as all state requirements are met) |
Ownership of productive resources | State ownership | State ownership (with private ownership under free-enterprise socialism) | Private ownership | Private ownership |
Freedom of enterprise | Restricted | Restricted; less open access | Open access | Open access (as long as state needs are met) |
Self-interest | Emphasis on collective needs rather than self-interest | Emphasis on collective needs rather than self-interest | Profit motive promotes self-interest | Profit motive promotes self-interest |
Competition | Not allowed, considered wasteful | Discouraged, considered wasteful | Encouraged to improve price and quality | Encouraged as long as state needs are met |
Production decisions | Made by central planning authority | Made by central planning authority; influenced by market forces | Driven by market forces of supply and demand | Driven by market forces of supply and demand |
Examples | China, Cuba, North Korea | Norway*, Sweden*, Finland* | Hong Kong, Singapore, United States | Italy (1922-1945), Spain (1939-1975), Argentina (1946-1983) |