USA Rural Land use
Metes and Bounds = East Coast
Township and Range = Midwest and parts of West
Long lots = Louisiana and areas along Mississippi
Agricultural Origins and Regions
Origins of agriculture
Hunters and gatherers
Invention of agriculture
Location of agricultural hearths
Vegetative planting
Seed agriculture
Classifying agricultural regions
Subsistence vs. commercial agriculture
Mapping agricultural regions
Agriculture in Less Developed Countries
Shifting cultivation/slash and burn (primarily rainforests)
- Characteristics of shifting cultivation
- Future of shifting cultivation
- not sustainable
Pastoral nomadism
- Characteristics of pastoral nomadism
- Future of pastoral nomadism
- very poor way to make a living
Extensive - lots of space needed
Intensive (lots of inputs ferts, ppl, etc) subsistence agriculture
- Intensive subsistence with wet rice dominant (a staple of humanity)
- Intensive subsistence with wet rice not dominant
Plantation farming (coffee, tea, chocolate, fruits) (monocultural mainly in poor countries)
Dairy farming (commercial) (Space)
Grain farming (commercial) (Space)
Livestock ranching (commercial) (Space)
Mediterranean agriculture (Space)
Commercial gardening (truck and suitcase farms) SE + E coast (Farmers Market)
Agricultural Origins and Regions:
Origins of Agriculture: Developed from hunter-gatherer societies; involved the domestication of plants and animals.
Agricultural Hearths: Key locations where agriculture began, including regions in the Fertile Crescent, China, and Mesoamerica.
Types of Agriculture:
Subsistence Agriculture: Farmers grow food primarily for their own consumption.
Commercial Agriculture: Produced for sale in the market.
Agricultural Regions Classification: Divided into various types based on methods and outputs, such as intensive subsistence, shifting cultivation, and plantation farming.
Patterns: Mapping agricultural regions helps understand distribution and practices in global agriculture.
Von Thumen Model (38/49)
Shows how distance from a city or market affects the choice of agricultural activity in a uniform landscape and one with a river
City/Dairying - Gotta tend to veggies and dairy,
Forestry- used for fuel and buildings
Crop rotation - needs more space and more valuable outland than inland
Marketing gardening (fruits and soft veggies) (city)
Dairy (small farms)
Livestock fattening/(Lumber) - cattle, pigs, chicken
Grains (far away midwest)
Ranching (on land that you cannot grow things)
Non-agriculture (rocks = doesn’t work)
Economic Issues of Agriculture