Kinship

Kinship

- is one of the main organizing principles of society it is one of the basic social institutions found in every society. This institution establishes relationship between individuals and groups. People in all societies are bound together by very use kinds of bonds.

Kinds of Kinship

I. Kinship by blood

1. Consanguineal or Kinship based on blood

  • is considered as the most basic and general form of relations. These relationships achieve by birth or blood affinity.

2. Descent

  • refers to biological relationship. Societies recognized the children descend from parents and that there exist a biological relationship between parents and offspring.

3. Lineage

  • refers to the line for one lineage is trace.

Forms of Lineage

1. Unilineal descent

  • is a system of determining descent in which one belongs to one’s father or mothers lines.

2. Bilateral descent

  • some societies trace their descent through the study of both parent ancestor.

II. Kinship by Marriage

  • Also referred to as Affinal Kinship wherein the type of relations when marriage occur.

Types of Marriage:

  1. Endogamy

    • is the practice of marrying within specific ethnic group, class, or social group.

  2. Exogamy

    • is custom of marrying outside a community, clan, or tribe.

  3. Monogamy

    • refers to the marriage of sexual partnering where the individual as only one male or female partner.

  4. Polygamy

    • refers to the practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate. It can be Polygyny (a man has multiple partners) or polyandry a woman has multiple partners.

III. Kinship by Rituals

  1. Ritual kinship is the form of God parenthood (compadrazgo) played an important role in strengthening and extending the ties of kinship. Parents selected Godparents for a child during baptism, conformation, and marriage. The Godparent were then tied to the parent as co-parents. Other parents as a close, important relative to serve as godparent. The tie between co-parent reinforces that of kinship. The same godparents could serve for the couples successive children, a practice that further strengthened the ties between the families involved