gothic

upwards looking spaces

light filled interiors

interior spoke of God

12 - 16th century

vaulted cielings

high stained glasses windows

pointed arches reduced lateral loading

flying butreses that supported thin walls

before, most buildings with posts and beams - vertical force from beams supported by posts

beams couldn’t stretch across longer posts

arches could but lots of horizontal forces meant arch could collapse

thick walls could counteract horizontal forces but designers wanted long, thin walls with large windows. arch would’ve pushed over

could pile stones to support horizontal forces (butresses) - seen in early gothic cathedrals, but would’ve let the light in

butresses turned to flying butresses (piers connect to each other by flyers)

kept tall thin walls from collapsing while also letting light in

spires also sometimes placed above piers to direct force downwards

designers required on scale models to design

work towards center, adding outermost fliers

slate shingled covered roof to keep off rain

came about middle ages

1140 ad saint denis, french

considered uplifting cuz more lights

large stained glass windows to create heavenly enviornment

elements taken from europe and middle east