Anatomy of the Pelvic Region

Anatomy of the Pelvic Region

Bones of the Hip:

  • Ilium (red), Ischium (green), Pubis (yellow)

Key articulations:

  • Sacroiliac joint (sacrum to ilium)

  • Pubic symphysis (joining pubis)

  • Hip joint (acetabulum for femu)

  • Ilium Features:

    • Lateral view: acetabulum indicates lateral side

    • Medial view: no acetabulum, identify posterior (greater sciatic notch) vs anterior (iliac crest, iliac spines)

  • Pubis Features:

    • Superior ramus, inferior ramus, body

    • Obturator foramen visible

  • Ischium Features:

    • Superior ischial ramus, body of ischium, inferior ischial ramus

    • Ischial spine and ischial tuberosity noted

  • Sacrum Structures:

    • Anterior surface: sacral promontory, anterior sacral foramina, transverse ridges

    • Dorsal surface: median sacral crest, lateral sacral crest, intermediate sacral crest, posterior sacral foramina

  • Coccyx:

    • Remnants of tail bone (caudal eminence), varying number of fused bones

    • Features: coccygeal conure, transverse processes, articular facet

  • Sexual Dimorphism of Pelvis:

    • Female: wider pubic angle (>100°), broader/flatter ilium, wider pelvic inlet/outlet

    • Male: narrower pelvic angle, less concave sacrum and coccyx

  • Musculature of Pelvic Region:

    • Gluteal Group:

    • Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

    • Actions: hip extension and lateral rotation (maximus); abduction/medial rotation (medius & minimus)

    • Lateral Rotator Group:

    • Muscles: Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Obturator internus, Gemellus inferior, Quadratus femoris

    • Action: lateral rotation, some abduction/adduction (Mnemonic: p-go-g-q)

    • Iliopsoas Group:

    • Muscles: Iliacus, Psoas major

    • Action: hip flexion

  • Conclusion: Overview of the anatomy, significant structures, and muscle groups in the pelvic region.