Pc components

The CPU is the brain of the computer.

It processes instructions and performs calculations needed to run programs.

Why it’s needed

Without a CPU, the computer cannot execute any instructions. The operating system and applications rely on the CPU.

How it fails

Common issues:

• Overheating (bad cooling)

• Bent pins on the processor

• Motherboard power delivery issues

• System constantly freezing or shutting down

Fix

• Clean dust and improve cooling

• Reapply thermal paste

• Check CPU fan

• Replace the CPU if damaged

RAM temporarily stores data that the CPU is currently using.

Why it’s needed

It allows the computer to run programs smoothly and multitask.

How it fails

Signs include:

• Blue screen errors

• Random crashes

• Computer failing to boot

• Beeping sounds during startup

Fix

• Reseat the RAM sticks

• Test sticks one at a time

• Run memory diagnostics

• Replace faulty RAM

Storage keeps permanent data, including:

• Operating system

• Programs

• Files

Why it’s needed

Without storage, the computer cannot save or load the operating system.

How it fails

Common symptoms:

• Very slow computer

• Files becoming corrupted

• Clicking noise (HDD)

• System fails to boot

Fix

• Check cables

• Run disk health checks

• Clone or back up data

• Replace the drive

The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all components.

Why it’s needed

It allows communication between:

• CPU

• RAM

• Storage

• GPU

• Power supply

How it fails

Symptoms include:

• Computer not turning on

• USB or ports not working

• Random shutdowns

• Burn marks or damaged capacitors

Fix

• Check power connections

• Reset CMOS

• Update BIOS

• Replace motherboard if damaged

The PSU converts electricity from the wall into power for the computer.

Why it’s needed

Every component needs power from the PSU to operate.

How it fails

Common signs:

• Computer won’t turn on

• Random shutdowns

• Burning smell

• No fan movement

Fix

• Check power cable

• Test with another PSU

• Replace the power supply

The GPU processes graphics and video output.

Why it’s needed

It allows the computer to display images on the monitor.

How it fails

Symptoms include:

• No display

• Screen artefacts

• Crashes during graphics use

• Driver errors

Fix

• Update graphics drivers

• Reseat the GPU

• Check monitor cable

• Replace the GPU

Cooling systems remove heat from components, especially the CPU and GPU.

Why it’s needed

Without cooling, components overheat and shut down to prevent damage.

How it fails

Common problems:

• Loud fans

• High CPU temperatures

• System overheating

• Dust buildup

Fix

• Clean dust from fans

• Replace faulty fan

• Reapply thermal paste

• Improve airflow