Pc components
The CPU is the brain of the computer.
It processes instructions and performs calculations needed to run programs.
Why it’s needed
Without a CPU, the computer cannot execute any instructions. The operating system and applications rely on the CPU.
How it fails
Common issues:
Overheating (bad cooling)
Bent pins on the processor
Motherboard power delivery issues
System constantly freezing or shutting down
Fix
Clean dust and improve cooling
Reapply thermal paste
Check CPU fan
Replace the CPU if damaged
RAM temporarily stores data that the CPU is currently using.
Why it’s needed
It allows the computer to run programs smoothly and multitask.
How it fails
Signs include:
Blue screen errors
Random crashes
Computer failing to boot
Beeping sounds during startup
Fix
Reseat the RAM sticks
Test sticks one at a time
Run memory diagnostics
Replace faulty RAM
Storage keeps permanent data, including:
Operating system
Programs
Files
Why it’s needed
Without storage, the computer cannot save or load the operating system.
How it fails
Common symptoms:
Very slow computer
Files becoming corrupted
Clicking noise (HDD)
System fails to boot
Fix
Check cables
Run disk health checks
Clone or back up data
Replace the drive
The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all components.
Why it’s needed
It allows communication between:
• CPU
• RAM
• Storage
• GPU
• Power supply
How it fails
Symptoms include:
• Computer not turning on
• USB or ports not working
• Random shutdowns
• Burn marks or damaged capacitors
Fix
• Check power connections
• Reset CMOS
• Update BIOS
• Replace motherboard if damaged
The PSU converts electricity from the wall into power for the computer.
Why it’s needed
Every component needs power from the PSU to operate.
How it fails
Common signs:
• Computer won’t turn on
• Random shutdowns
• Burning smell
• No fan movement
Fix
• Check power cable
• Test with another PSU
• Replace the power supply
The GPU processes graphics and video output.
Why it’s needed
It allows the computer to display images on the monitor.
How it fails
Symptoms include:
• No display
• Screen artefacts
• Crashes during graphics use
• Driver errors
Fix
• Update graphics drivers
• Reseat the GPU
• Check monitor cable
• Replace the GPU
Cooling systems remove heat from components, especially the CPU and GPU.
Why it’s needed
Without cooling, components overheat and shut down to prevent damage.
How it fails
Common problems:
Loud fans
High CPU temperatures
System overheating
Dust buildup
Fix
Clean dust from fans
Replace faulty fan
Reapply thermal paste
Improve airflow